Analysis and Reflection on Some Important Issues of National Economic Security

2014-06-23 Readings

china Economic News Network 2014-06-19 11:31:02

(Author: in the water)

national economic security is an important part of the national security system relative to national political security, national military security and national cultural security. In the early concept of national security, countries emphasized military security and political security, but did not involve economic security. However, with the end of the Cold War and the rapid development of the world economy, economic security has gradually attracted the attention of all countries and has become the basis of national security. National economic security is in the basic position in the national security system, and economic interests and economic security play a guiding role in the national security strategy. Whether it is a hegemonic country or a developing country, the premise of its national security strategy is to expand and safeguard national economic interests, so the national security strategy is centered on economic security needs. National economic security is the economization of national security, which usually refers to the domestic and international environment faced by a country's economic survival and development, the ability to participate in international economic competition and the corresponding international political status and influence it brings. Its most fundamental economic interests are not harmed, that is, a country's economy as a whole has sovereign independence, a solid foundation, healthy operation, steady growth, and sustainable development. National economic security mainly includes financial security, industry and trade security, strategic resource security and economic information security.

What is 1. National Economic Security?

National economic security has not yet formed a more unified definition. The understanding of economic security by politicians and strategists in developed countries such as the United States and Japan is mainly based on national economic interests and national security needs, and elaborated from the strategic and policy levels.

The U.S. government and theorists believe that the national economic security of the United States is that the country's economic interests must have sufficient security guarantees; the national economic development of the United States cannot be threatened by external threats; economic security is essentially "the ability of the economy to adapt to change", the national economy The international competitiveness of the system. Proceeding from the status of a hegemonic country, American politicians and scholars believe that economic security is the guarantee and embodiment of the hegemonic status of the United States in the world.

The Japanese government's view on national economic security is that since Japan has neither resources nor energy, both rely on the international market. Therefore, Japan must maintain the country's economic security by ensuring the stable supply of overseas resources and energy and the opening of the international market.

Russian economists and strategists tend to closely link social security with economic security, arguing that "socio-economic security is a state of the national economy. In this state, it is possible to ensure rapid social development, maintain economic and social stability, and have a strong national defense capability to withstand the influence of internal and external undesirable factors". Russian scholars believe that to ensure national security, we must first ensure the country's economic security, and for Russia, economic security is to ensure the normal operation of the national economy. Since the definition of national economic security by Russian scholars is based on the special feelings of countries in transition, it is more meaningful for our country.

Chinese scholars have a more consistent definition of national economic security: national economic security refers to the overall economic competitiveness of a country; the ability of a country's economy to resist various external invasions, interferences, crises, and stable development; a country's economy can exist, And the continuous development of the domestic and international environment. National economic security corresponds to national economic interests. However, it can only be the major national economic interests in the national economic interest system that can be recognized by the national economic security level, and the government formulates public policies and even adopts strong measures to support it. These major economic interests are related to the survival and development of the whole country and all the people, and even the rise and fall of the country. Only when it involves the survival and development of all the people of the whole country, and even when the major economic interests related to the rise and fall of the country are attacked and destroyed, can we make a judgment that "national economic security has been endangered.

2. the main problems and challenges facing China's economic security

at present, China's economic security is facing severe challenges and unprecedented threats, mainly in the following nine aspects.

1. Financial security, internal and external troubles. Financial security is the core of economic security. However, China's financial security is not safe, and even poses a great threat to economic security. On the one hand, the institutional contradictions accumulated for a long time make China's financial security have huge hidden dangers; on the other hand, with the international financial integration and China's accession to the WTO, China's financial security will face the test of external shocks.

First, the illegal activities of financial institutions are serious and the financial regulatory system lags behind. At present, in the financial field of our country, some financial institutions take risks in order to pursue high rates of return, and violations of laws and regulations occur from time to time. This behavior not only seriously damages the interests of depositors and reduces the credit of financial institutions, but also poses a potential threat to the healthy development of China's finance. This potential threat is amplified by the lack and lag of the external regulatory system.

Second, external shocks from financial openness and financial globalization. After joining the WTO, although it is conducive to learn from the advanced management, technology and experience of international financial institutions to promote China's financial reform and development, but with the gradual opening of the financial market, to a certain extent, it will also cause heavy pressure on China's financial industry. It is difficult for domestic financial institutions to compete with strong financial giants in developed countries in terms of service quality, work efficiency, operating capabilities, and technical conditions. This means that once foreign financial institutions enter the RMB business, domestic commercial banks and other financial institutions will face the problem of losing a large number of customers, and even endanger the survival of domestic financial institutions.

Third, international hot money poses a potential threat to China's financial security. International capital, also known as international speculative capital, is short-term capital that has no fixed investment area and moves between markets in pursuit of high short-term profits. This kind of capital wanders in the international financial market, making profits by taking advantage of the short-term imbalance between international interest rates, exchange rates and the prices of financial commodities such as stocks, and the potential threat of international hot money to China's financial security cannot be ignored.

2. Industry and trade security, external shocks are increasing. Industry and trade security is an important part of national economic security. With the implementation of the strategy of reform and opening up, China has made gratifying achievements in attracting foreign investment and foreign trade. At the same time, China's industrial and trade security is also facing the risk of increasing external shocks.

First, foreign direct investment (FDI) has brought a certain impact on China's industrial development. First of all, from the perspective of industrial structure, foreign investment in general heavy industry, light agriculture and infrastructure construction; emphasis on small-scale, low-risk general processing industry, light fine processing industry; emphasis on labor-intensive industries, light capital and technology-intensive industries. With the continuous increase of the scale of foreign investment, this kind of industrial investment structure will bring great impact on the overall development of China's industry. Secondly, due to the various preferential policies of the state for foreign investment and the advantages of foreign-funded enterprises, the domestic market of some products in China has been controlled by foreign-funded enterprises, and this trend is still expanding. For example, washing products, beverages, etc., foreign-invested enterprises account for 35%-50% of the output and sales; foreign-invested enterprises in program-controlled exchanges account for 70% of the market; foreign-invested enterprises such as home appliances and cars account for more than half. The entry of a large number of foreign direct investment and the control of the relevant market have formed a strong squeeze on the development of national industries, which greatly threatens the economic security of our country.

Second, the high degree of dependence on foreign trade reduces the ability of our economy to resist external risks. With the growth of China's economy, the degree of dependence on foreign trade is gradually increasing. In 2005, China's foreign trade dependence has reached 80%. In 2006, China's dependence on foreign trade was 65 per cent, compared with 21.8 per cent for the United States, 46 per cent for France, 27.4 per cent for Japan and 36.4 per cent for Russia. It can be seen that China's dependence on foreign trade is significantly higher than that of other developed countries. The high degree of dependence on foreign trade reduces the ability of China's economy to resist external risks to a great extent.

3. Strategic resource security, the situation is extremely serious. Since the reform and opening up, China's economic growth has made remarkable achievements, but this extensive economic growth is at the cost of massive consumption of resources. From 1990 to 2001, China's oil consumption increased by 100 percent, natural gas consumption by 92 percent, steel consumption by 143 percent, copper consumption by 189 percent, aluminum consumption by 380 percent, zinc consumption by 311 percent, and consumption of 10 non-ferrous metals by 276 percent. Since the 1990 s, China's total energy consumption has far exceeded its total production, and the contradiction between energy supply and demand has been intensifying. In order to make up for the shortage of domestic energy supply, we must rely on foreign imports, so that the degree of dependence on foreign energy gradually increased. According to relevant forecasts, by 2010, China's dependence on foreign oil, iron ore, copper and aluminum will reach 57%, 57%, 70% and 80% respectively. Once the international energy market fluctuates (such as a sharp rise in international crude oil prices), it will inevitably have a strong impact on the development of the domestic economy and affect national economic security.

4. The ability of scientific and technological innovation has been weakened, scientific and technological talents have been lost, and the dependence on international high technology has been deepening.

Thirty years of practice has proved that in all industries with a highly open market in my country, the gap with foreign advanced technology has not narrowed, but has a tendency to continue to expand. On the contrary, the more foreign countries impose strict technical blockade on China, the more likely it is that China will make real technological progress. For example, since the full opening of China's color TV industry to the outside world, China's TV manufacturing has become a major global producer, but the core technology of color TV has always been in the hands of foreign investors, the generation gap between China's color TV display technology and foreign countries has not narrowed, and the main profits of color TV production are still controlled by foreign investors. On the contrary, my country continues to be blocked by international blockades in some key areas, and it is in these blocked areas that my country's independent innovation technology has leapt to the world's first echelon, such as launch vehicle technology, satellite communication technology, research and development of large supercomputers, and recent high-speed EMU technology, maglev train technology, etc. But these areas of technology that have been forced to come from behind are only a few. The loss of scientific and technological talents is weakening the foundation of China's independent scientific and technological innovation. In recent years, China is the third wave of immigration since the reform and opening up. The difference between this immigration wave and the previous two immigration waves is that this third immigration wave shows that my country's education system has also been completely incorporated into the unreasonable international division of labor system. my country is also placed at the bottom of the industrial chain in the international education system., Responsible for primary education (elementary school, middle school), while college education has begun to be monopolized by developed education systems such as the United States. There is a serious shortage of public resources for education in China, and a very small number of students can receive "elite education". This small number of reserve talents who have received "elite education" are setting off an increasing wave of immigration. By 2010, the total number of students studying in the United States in my country has exceeded 100,000. Most of the students in the graduating classes of some key middle schools choose to study directly and give up applying for domestic universities. For students who have already gone to domestic universities, most of the outstanding students from our top universities choose to go abroad. According to statistics, as an important reserve force for my country's scientific and technological development, the current return rate of science and engineering doctoral graduates studying in the United States is only 8%, which is the lowest in the world and far lower than other developing countries. Not only that, my country is currently surging with a wave of immigration dominated by technical elites and entrepreneurs. This will mean the double loss of knowledge and wealth in our country.

5. China's agriculture and food security are facing serious challenges. As of 2010, China has seven consecutive years of grain harvest. But behind this is the grim situation of China's agricultural security and food security. At present, my country's agriculture and food security are facing serious threats in the following main aspects:

one of the threats: foreign investment is stepping up its massive penetration into China's agricultural sector.

Foreign capital, mainly US capital, is stepping up efforts to penetrate and control China's agriculture and food sectors in the following ways: directly seizing market share with low-priced agricultural products to combat China's local planting industry; cooperating with financial capital to fully penetrate the circulation of agricultural products; and gradually controlling China's agricultural products market with genetically modified seeds as a weapon.

Therefore, when China's agricultural sector is gradually and fully opened to foreign investment under the WTO framework, the competition for foreign investment in China's agricultural products is showing a trend of overall retreat. my country's soybeans, corn, cotton, vegetable seeds, meat and other fields are being occupied by foreign capital. Take soybeans as an example. Since China's accession to the WTO and the abolition of import tariffs and quota restrictions on soybean, China's soybean planting has been completely defeated. my country has changed from the world's largest soybean producer and soybean exporter to the world's largest soybean importer in less than ten years. The import dependence of soybean consumption has reached 70%. In the context of my country's increasing dependence on imports of soybean and other oil crops, multinational capital has further controlled more than 60% of my country's oil companies. At present, similar transnational capital invasion operations to the upstream and downstream of my country's edible oil industry chain are being repeated in agricultural fields such as cotton, corn, seeds, meat and poultry, and have begun to gradually strengthen the invasion in the most basic agricultural products such as wheat and rice. Intensity.

Threat two: China's agricultural land quantity and quality continues to decline, threatening China's food security. Although my country has stipulated a red line to ensure "1.8 billion acres of arable land" to ensure food security, the obvious challenges are:

first, the bottom line of the red line of "1.8 billion mu of cultivated land" is being eroded in large-scale urbanization, real estate development and industrial project development.

Second, the quality of this "1.8 billion mu of arable land" is declining, and it is being challenged by a serious decline in quality in the following main aspects: some local governments, in the name of land replacement, replace good land with inferior land, carry out real estate development with good land, replace the quota of arable land with inferior recultivated land, and use a large number of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the land. The fertility of our arable land continues to decline; land and pasture are being degraded under excessive use.

The high-intensity use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture is the basic reason why China can still maintain grain production. But it is also a time bomb that will trigger a future food crisis in our country. According to statistics, the amount of fertilizer used in agricultural land in China is five times the world average. China's agricultural land accounts for only 7% of the world's total, but the amount of chemical fertilizer used accounts for 34% of the world's total. The damage to agricultural land caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizers is extremely difficult to repair. Once the land becomes "waste land", the natural restoration process will take hundreds of years or even longer. According to the research of the Ministry of Agriculture, the problem of grassland degradation in my country has been very serious. The area of grassland degradation has reached 90%, and it is still increasing at an annual rate of 0.5 (that is, 30 million mu).

Threat three: China's extensive agricultural production will threaten China's food security.

The scientific and technological content of field agriculture in China is low, and the investment in agricultural science and technology is seriously insufficient, which leads to the dependence of agricultural production on the continuous application of chemical fertilizers. The consequence of the abuse of chemical fertilizers in my country's agriculture is not only to cause land degradation, but more seriously, the abuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is making my country's agricultural production "petroleum", making my country's food production directly linked to the world oil market. The sharp rise in world oil prices in the past few years has led to sharp fluctuations in world food prices and China's food prices, which is enough to be alarming.

The water crisis.

my country is a country with a serious shortage of water resources per capita. The per capita water resources in my country is only 2300 cubic meters, which is only 1/4 of the world average. It is in such a serious water shortage of natural environment, China's agricultural water to account for more than 70% of the water consumption. Among them, the extensive irrigation method of agricultural water has wasted more than 40% of the precious agricultural water. The effective utilization rate of agricultural water in China is very low. At present, about 10 per cent of our food production is completely dependent on groundwater. In Shandong, one of the main grain producing areas in China, the dependence of agricultural irrigation water on groundwater has exceeded 50%, and the extraction of groundwater for agricultural use has reached twice the amount of recharge. In the North China Plain, one of the main grain producing areas in my country, the extraction of groundwater is 32 billion cubic meters per year, which has far exceeded the recharge of precipitation and rivers. Because of the over-exploitation of groundwater for many years, more than a dozen huge funnel areas have been formed in the North China Plain, that is, the land subsidence area formed by the serious decline of groundwater, which means that the stratigraphic structure of groundwater supplied by surface water has been destroyed in the area, and the groundwater in North China can never be repaired. To make matters worse for China's per capita water scarcity, the distribution of water resources in China is seriously unequal. my country's per capita water resources only rank 88th in the world, but the area north of the Yangtze River in my country only accounts for 1/3 of my country's average level. The land area north of the Yangtze River accounts for 63% of the country, but only 19% of the water resources. On the one hand, the area north of the Yangtze River is an important agricultural production area in China, on the other hand, it is an area with serious shortage of water resources. The development of three things in our country in the past three decades has further exacerbated the development of my country's agricultural water crisis: First, the investment in farmland water conservancy facilities is seriously insufficient. According to the survey, the basic construction of water conservancy facilities in China is still basically dependent on the construction results of 30 years ago. Second, the scientific research investment in water-saving agriculture is insufficient, and there are almost no scientific research results of water-saving agriculture. Third, the national eating habits are becoming more and more abundant, which will aggravate the development of China's agricultural water crisis. Not only that, China's agricultural and industrial development model is also exacerbating China's water crisis. In the past 30 years, China has become the world's largest textile industry. The textile industry is a high water consumption industry. China has not been able to invest in scientific research to develop new water-saving textile industry technology. Therefore, China's textile industry as a whole is an industry with extremely low water use efficiency.

7. The promotion of agricultural transgenic technology may seriously threaten the food security of our country.

At present, the debate on the impact of transgenic technology on the safety of agricultural products is quite fierce, but this is not a fundamental problem that threatens the safety of agriculture in our country. The impact of genetically modified technology on food safety is a problem that can only be accurately judged after at least decades or even hundreds of years of observation. It is too hasty to make an affirmative or negative judgment on it.

However, from the perspective of decision-making science, whether the impact of genetically modified crops on food safety and human safety is positive or negative, it will threaten China's food security. The reasons are as follows:

one of the reasons: if transgenic technology has been proved to be harmful to human body after decades or even hundreds of years of observation, it will certainly seriously threaten China's food security. However, if transgenic technology is proved to be harmless to human body after decades or even hundreds of years of observation, it will still seriously threaten China's food security. Because the technology patents of genetically modified technology are basically monopolized by multinational companies, my country currently does not master the technology patents of genetically modified technology. If my country promotes genetically modified technology on a large scale, the core technology of my country's grain production will be basically mastered by multinational companies, and the lifeblood of my country's grain and agricultural production will be in the hands of international capital. Moreover, foreign capital is trying to use genetically modified technology as a breakthrough to comprehensively break through my country's last line of defense against the most basic food crops such as rice and wheat. The GM technology patents of these basic food crops have been basically controlled by foreign capital. If my country promotes genetically modified technology in basic food crops, my country's food sector will be firmly controlled by foreign capital, and my country's food security defense line will completely collapse.

Reason 2: If genetically modified technology is promoted on a large scale in my country, under the constraints of the natural environment where my country's water resources are severely scarce, my country's agricultural production will fall into a more serious water crisis. So far, the water demand of genetically modified crops is much higher than that of native natural crops, and some have several times as much water demand. In addition, the demand for pesticides for genetically modified crops is also more stringent. The pesticide technology patents of genetically modified crops are mostly in the hands of multinational companies. Therefore, genetically modified crops will make China's demand for water and oil higher, which will aggravate the contradiction of resources in China.

The third reason: transgenic technology will reduce the ability of China's agriculture to resist disastrous natural weather, and will greatly reduce the ability of China's agriculture to save itself in the face of major natural disasters.

Reason 4: Transgenic technology is a strategic weapon for multinational companies to infiltrate and master the lifeblood of China's agriculture. Over the past decade, international transnational capital has taken full control of China's soybean industry and extended the industrial chain of China's edible oil and feed industry by using transgenic technology. In addition, transnational capital has partially controlled my country's cotton production and corn production by using genetically modified technology, and is striving to penetrate into the field of rice and wheat production. The soaring price of cotton in my country in 2010 is the consequence of the continuous use of cotton transgenic technology by multinational capital to penetrate my country's cotton production in the past ten years. It is the cotton transgenic technology of transnational capital that leads to the decline of cotton quality and yield in China, which leads to a serious gap in supply, forcing China to increase the import of American cotton. In addition, multinational capital currently controls more than 50% of the market share of vegetable seeds in China.

8. The disorderly flow of huge local hot money threatens China's economic security.

In the U.S. economic war against our country, foreign hot money is one of the assault forces to launch attacks. In China, another equally amazing destructive force is "local hot money". In recent years, this "local hot money" has repeatedly made waves in China. It can be seen everywhere in China's stock market, property market, agricultural product market, grain circulation field, commodity market, mineral market, gold and silver, medicine circulation, etc. The most conservative estimate of the scale of this local hot money is several trillion yuan, or even higher. The "hot money" mentioned by public opinion, such as the "hot money" in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, is one of its main forces. The existence of "local hot money" and its destructive power have so far not attracted the attention of the Chinese people.

The composition of this "local hot money" mainly includes the following main components: first, part of the operating funds of private enterprises are separated from industry and turned into speculative funds; second, idle funds of state-owned enterprises are turned into speculative funds; third, there is no fixed investment in residents' savings. Target speculative funds; fourth, commercial circulation capital is transformed into speculative funds, etc. At present, China's large-scale "local hot money" will cause great damage to China's economy if it forms a common attack target with the inflow of "international hot money" from abroad.

9. The superposition of the two major problems of "over-reliance on export-oriented" and "getting old before getting rich" will threaten China's economic security.

According to estimates by population experts, China's demographic dividend period will end in 2030. After that, the total social dependency ratio will rise rapidly. At present, an average of 5.4 working-age adults in our country are raising one elderly person. Twenty years from now, in 2030, the proportion will fall to 1 elderly person for every 2.5 working-age adults. By 2050, this ratio will fall further to one older person for every 1.6 of working age. From the perspective of my country's current labor knowledge structure, at least half of the labor force in my country and in the next ten or twenty years, that is, at least 50%-60%, will still be mainly composed of migrant workers and low-end blue-collar manual workers. The low productivity of this labor force is bound to make it difficult to bear the increasing burden of raising an ageing population.

At present, American society is facing the same challenge of aging. More than 30 percent of the U.S. population is now over 50 and more than 20 percent are over 65. According to estimates by US institutions, by 2016, the expenditure of the US Social Security Fund will exceed the income, and the potential gap of the US Social Security Fund will reach 40 trillion US dollars. In the face of such great social security pressure, the solution must be to issue money indiscriminately to claim wealth from the world. And if our country still one-sidedly emphasizes the "export-oriented" strategy, our country will become one of the main countries to support the aging population of the United States.

Some Countermeasures 3. Ensuring China's Economic Security

economic security is an important part of national security. It is related to the sustainable development of China's economy and the continuous improvement of its comprehensive national strength. It is also a strong guarantee for the realization of the "Chinese Dream" in the hearts of 1.4 billion Chinese people. The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the economic security of our country under the new situation. The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that "to adapt to the new situation of economic globalization, we must implement a more proactive opening strategy and improve an open economic system that is mutually beneficial and win-win, diversified and balanced, safe and efficient. ...... Improve the ability to resist international economic risks." Some potential risks or signals in domestic economic security have attracted the attention of party and state leaders. All these have pointed out the direction for us to adhere to reform and opening up and ensure national economic security.

1. Improve the legal system for safeguarding China's industrial security. The construction of China's industrial safety legal system should follow the principles of unity of the legal system, ease of operation and coordination. In the current international environment, we can consider to strengthen the construction of the legal system of industrial safety from the following aspects: first, improve the laws and regulations on industrial safety. my country should promptly revise and improve laws and regulations including anti-dumping, countervailing, foreign investment, intellectual property protection, national security, agricultural protection, etc., to form an industrial protection legal system that complies with WTO rules, and promote the legalization and systematization of industrial protection methods; Strengthen the formulation of technical regulations and standards to strengthen the effect of industrial protection; in the process of performing relevant legal procedures, it is clear that enterprises are the subject of litigation, the trade association is the core of organizing and coordinating the response, giving full play to the leading role of both in the export response. At the same time, strengthen the guidance of enterprises to respond to lawsuits, increase negotiations and negotiations, establish a feasible and effective incentive mechanism, and promote enterprises to respond to lawsuits to achieve better results. Secondly, formulate comprehensive laws to regulate foreign investment. It is recommended that relevant departments consider including the industrial orientation, objects, principles, methods, legal application, legal responsibilities, and national review and supervision of foreign investment mergers and acquisitions, so as to make it a programmatic law for regulating foreign investment in my country. Thirdly, strengthen the legislation of industrial safety early warning system. Timely introduction of industrial damage early warning monitoring laws and regulations to strengthen the guidance of industrial safety early warning work. Finally, the coordination of the Catalogue for the Guidance of Foreign Investment Industries with other laws and regulations should be strengthened. As a departmental regulation, the "Catalogue for the Guidance of Foreign Investment Industries" should be coordinated with relevant laws and regulations to achieve the unity of the legal system.

2. Give full play to the leading role of the government and effectively enhance the competitiveness of the industry. From the process of industrial protection in developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and Europe, it can be seen that the process of industrial protection is a process of continuous upgrading of the industrial structure, so as to effectively avoid the disadvantages of unreasonable resource allocation and inefficient operation of the industry. Therefore, China needs to seize the opportunity of international industrial division, adjustment and reorganization, give full play to the leading role of the government in industrial development, implement policies to promote industrial development, and provide necessary protection and support for industries with potential advantages in a certain period of time through the organic cooperation of industrial policies and trade policies, so as to promote their development, growth and expansion until they become important industries of the national economy. Build an industrial safety early warning system. Establish an effective interaction mechanism between the government, industry associations and enterprises. The experience of foreign countries shows that maintaining industrial security is not the business of a certain department or an enterprise. It requires the joint efforts of all relevant parties. Close cooperation between the government, industry and enterprises is very important. Only by coordinating and uniting from top to bottom can we form a joint force and have the strength to safeguard industrial security. The competent departments of the Chinese government should strengthen the contact with various industry associations and enterprises, establish contact mechanisms and effective communication channels with industries and enterprises, and exchange information in a timely manner, so that the government can formulate practical and feasible industries on the basis of maintaining information communication with industries and enterprises. Protect policies and work together to do a good job in industrial safety. Trade associations should play a special role in maintaining industrial security. Trade associations should give full play to their role in regulating and serving the export behavior of enterprises, and provide timely legal advice on import anti-dumping for export enterprises. The government, industry associations and enterprises should be highly sensitive to information on various foreign trade remedy measures and technical barriers to trade, and make full use of various channels to collect and sort out information on various barriers that are currently and are being formulated abroad that affect domestic exports. Establish a trade barrier database and consulting center, so as to take preventive measures in advance against possible trade barriers abroad.

3. The problem of industrial safety involves the measurement of industrial safety situation, and the construction of industrial safety early warning system is inseparable from the judgment of industrial safety. First of all, the establishment of industrial safety early warning index system. An important part of the industrial safety early warning system is to build a set of indicators that can reflect the status and trends of industrial development in a comprehensive, dynamic and timely manner. Secondly, determine the industrial safety warning critical domain. The industrial safety early warning system can only really operate after the index early warning critical region is determined. The reasonable definition of early warning critical area has a great influence on accurately monitoring the evolution of various early warning indicators, and then making accurate judgments on the operation and development trend of the industry. Finally, the industrial safety early warning results are analyzed and output. The establishment of an industrial safety early warning system aims to make predictions and issue warnings in a timely manner before the emergence of warnings. Forecasting and warning are based on the output of the early warning system, and the final judgment of the performance of the early warning system depends entirely on the output of the early warning system.

4. Effectively promote independent innovation. Foreign experience tells us that attaching importance to the development of high-tech industries and possessing independent intellectual property rights is the key to maintaining national industrial security. With the gradual integration of China's economy into internationalization, independent innovation plays a more and more important role in improving the international competitiveness of the industry. In particular, in order to form the sustainable competitiveness of the industry and maintain the stamina of sustainable development, we must make a big breakthrough in independent innovation. It is necessary to take the establishment of an innovative country and the cultivation of innovative enterprises as the fundamental measures to ensure industrial security, the strategic alliance of industry-university-research technological innovation as a strategic measure to promote independent innovation, and the establishment of an enterprise technological innovation service platform as a strategic breakthrough. to introduce and train excellent talents as the key to the strategy, and to improve and implement various policies of independent innovation as the strategic guarantee of industrial security. In short, only by establishing a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, greatly enhancing the independent innovation capabilities of Chinese enterprises, and realizing economic innovation-driven development, can we maintain my country's industrial security and promote stable, sustained and rapid economic development.

5. Formulate foreign investment regulation policies in line with national conditions and strengthen the supervision of industrial safety. From the experience of various countries, when appropriate foreign investment regulation policies are adopted, which are in line with national conditions and development strategies, the use of foreign investment will achieve good results. On the contrary, the cost of using foreign capital will far exceed its benefits. With the rapid growth of foreign investment and the accelerated pace of foreign mergers and acquisitions, there will be more and more industrial security problems, and it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of industrial security. Strict management of foreign investment, especially strict regulation of foreign mergers and acquisitions. Foreign investment should be encouraged and prevented by "two hands". The grasp of its looseness and tightness and the design of the policy combination should be based on my country's development strategy, the stage of economic development, the maturity of the industry, and the domestic and foreign situation and conditions. Adjust in a timely and flexible manner, so as to assess the situation and keep pace with the times. At the same time, it is necessary to change the management of foreign investment, strengthen the management of foreign investment that has been introduced, establish an index system for the evaluation of foreign-funded enterprises by supervising the development of investment enterprises, distinguish the level of foreign-funded enterprises, adopt different standards, and restrict or even close those enterprises that bring less benefits to China's development.

Source: China Economic News Network Editor: Zhao Yangzi