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2018-08-17
New member list approved in August 2018List of New Members of China Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association (2018.01.29-2018.08.08) (Total of 63) serial Number name gender unit title title degree research areas 1 tao Hongjun male school of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University dean associate Professor dr. International Trade of Agricultural Products, International Trade Policy Evaluation 2 xie Keyi male college of Economics and Management, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University none students bachelor rural finance 3 luo Wenchun female shaanxi University of Science and Technology dean lecturer dr. agricultural economic management 4 sun Zhilu male institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences assistant Researcher dr. Agricultural Products Market and Trade 5 yun Hongwan female college of Economics and Management, Henan Agricultural University none professor master agricultural economy, agricultural technology economy 6 jia Lei male institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Information, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences assistant Researcher dr. Agricultural economic theory and policy, comparative study of Chinese and foreign agriculture, agricultural management organization form research 7 cai Jihua male zhengzhou University none lecturer dr. rural regional economic development 8 wu Haixia female shaanxi Normal University none lecturer dr. Agricultural Economy and Rural Public Health 9 zhang Shuying female nanjing Normal University graduate student students master agricultural economy 10 xie Jin male nanjing Normal University students students master industrial economics; agricultural economics 11 zhu Weilin male tianjin Foreign Studies University graduate student students master urbanization, CGE model 12 zhou Jun male zhejiang University of Technology students bachelor financial opening financial risk 13 aftershock male college of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University none students bachelor agricultural Resources and Environmental Economics 14 zhao Yongke female henan Agricultural University none lecturer master agricultural Economic Theory and Policy 15 hu Yue female china Agricultural University students bachelor agricultural Products Market and Trade, Agricultural Economic Policy 16 sun Luyun male shihezi University none students dr. oasis agricultural economy, oasis economic statistics 17 ni Zhaofang male zhejiang University of Technology students bachelor trade of agricultural products 18 wang Qiang male students dr. 19 zhuang Peifen female overseas College of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University executive Vice President professor dr. trade of agricultural products 20 yang Jing male social Security Research Center of Wuhan University assistant Researcher assistant Researcher dr. Rural development and social security 21 yu Qianwen female nanjing Agricultural University students bachelor enterprise Management 22 Chen Yanling female fujian Institute of Engineering teacher lecturer master agricultural Trade, Environmental Economics 23 feng Huachao male department of Public Administration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry lecturer dr. rural reform and regional development; rural land system; rural social security 24 wang Xulong male bohai University teacher associate Professor dr. peasant household behavior 25 qian Long male nanjing University of Finance and Economics lecturer dr. Rural Land Property Rights, Labor Mobility and Agricultural Production 26 wang Weiwei female hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences assistant Researcher master agricultural technology innovation agricultural technology extension 27 cai Yu female northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry graduate student students master agricultural economic management 28 jia Yajuan female northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry students master rural Population and Regional Development 29 liu Jingjing female research Center for Rural Economy, Ministry of Rural Affairs deputy associate Researcher dr. fishery economy and policy, agricultural labor force, farmers' income 30 wang Fadong male qingdao Academy of Social Sciences head of Editorial Department assistant Researcher master history of Agriculture 31 chen Yuanchun male department of Rural Development, Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences other dr. trade of agricultural products 32 lu Xuexue female beijing Peak Zhiye Tourism Culture Creative Co., Ltd. R & D Manager other master rural Revitalization, Characteristic Town, Pastoral Complex 33 feng Ye male school of Economics, Yangtze University students master agricultural Prices and Urbanization 34 su Lanlan male college of Economics and Management, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University none students dr. rural finance 35 xu Guojun male college of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University associate Professor master apiculture Economic Management 36 xie Xianxiong male college of Economics and Management, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University students master resource Economy and Environmental Management 37 xing Meihua female hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences director of Agricultural Economic Research Office associate Researcher bachelor agricultural economic policy, agricultural industry development strategy 38 wu Jing female huazhong Agricultural University students bachelor industrial economy 39 zhang Tonglong male national Institute of Agricultural System and Development, South China Agricultural University none professor bachelor development Economics 40 mei Bingjing female northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry students dr. rural finance 41 ma Jian male jiangxi Normal University-Jiangxi Institute of Economic Development lecturer dr. Agricultural management theory and policy, Japanese agricultural problems, cultivation of new agricultural management entities, agricultural successor system 42 zhang Haixia female sichuan Agricultural University assistant Researcher master rural regional development, disaster risk management 43 cai Jian male south China Agricultural University deputy Head of the Department of Finance lecturer dr. Farmers' Behavior and Rural Finance 44 cheng Kequn male anhui Agricultural University deputy Director professor master economic Management 45 zhao Rui male college of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University students Master 46 chai Ying female guangdong University of Finance and Economics professor dr. Resource Governance and Environmental Economy, Rural Public Goods Supply, Institutional Change and Rural Development 47 huang Yongxiang female loudi Administration College of Hunan Province director of Teaching and Research Section professor master regional Economy, Urbanization, Institutional Economy 48 peng Jianlin male college of Economics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University associate Professor dr. 49 chai Ying female national Economic Research Center, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics professor dr. Resource Governance and Environmental Economy, Rural Institutional Reform and Development 50 zhao Xianghao male xinjiang Agricultural University phD student students master agricultural Economic Theory and Policy 51 yan Congcong male shanghai Ocean University students master agricultural economics; regional economics 52 he Xuewen female northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry none students master financial Business Operation and Management, Agricultural Economics, Rural Finance 53 wang Hongmei female northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry none associate Professor dr. Development Economics Rural Sustainable Development 54 zhang Qian female northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry students students bachelor rural finance 55 he Yang female liaoning Technical University none students bachelor industrial Economics 56 huitao male college of Economics and Management, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University none students master finance 57 zheng Xuemei female northeast Agricultural University none students master agricultural Policy Issues, Transgenic Technology 58 huang Jie female college of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University students master industrial Economics 59 chen Rong female hunan Agricultural University none lecturer master trade of agricultural products 60 li Jianyao male shanghai Ocean University students bachelor 61 dong Jie male chongqing University students dr. new agricultural management subject 62 deng Guoqing male school of Economics and Management, Wuhan University students students dr. Three Rural, Institutional Economics 63 hu Shixia female hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences postdoctoral assistant Researcher dr. agricultural economy, agricultural information
2015-08-20
Zhu Lizhi talks about sustainable agricultural development planning and innovation drive in agricultural development [China Net]Zhu Lizhi on Sustainable Agricultural Development Planning and Innovation Drive in Agricultural Development [China Net] china Net: welcome to China Interview World Dialogue. "Food is the most important thing for the people, and agriculture is the foundation for the country." China is a large agricultural country, and agriculture is not only an important part of China's economy, but also a practical aspect related to people's livelihood. At present, China has entered a new period and new normal. In the new period and new normal, it is urgent to promote development with innovation, create a new engine of development, and realize the sustained and stable growth of China's agriculture. On May 27, the Ministry of Agriculture, the National Development and Reform Commission and other eight ministries and commissions jointly issued the "National Agricultural Sustainable Development Plan (2015-2030)". Once the "Plan" was released, it caused a huge response. Then, what is the current situation of the sustainable development of agricultural science in China? How can China further promote the sustainable development of agriculture in the future? Today, our studio is very honored to have Zhu Lizhi, the head of the expert writing group of the "Planning" and the chief scientist of the Agricultural Resources, Environment, Economy and Policy Innovation Team of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, to interpret the content of the "Planning. China Net: hello, Director Zhu, welcome to our program! Zhu Lizhi: hello, everyone! China Net: since the innovation-driven development strategy was put forward, it has produced a great impetus to the development of our country. How will this strategy guide the sustainable development of my country's agriculture in the agricultural field? Zhu Lizhi: it should be said that the sustainable development of agriculture must be driven by innovation fundamentally, mainly in three aspects: first, we should innovate the scientific and technological system. Second, we need to innovate in the management system and mechanism. Third, we need to innovate in the agricultural management system. First, in the technical system. We know that the current agricultural technology system is basically the technical system of chemical agriculture, because we rely on a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as additives, hormones and antibiotics, which should all belong to the category of chemical agriculture. In the future, we should innovate this technical system and move towards a sustainable technical system, The key is to implement biological agriculture and physical agriculture. For example, in agriculture, the objects of labor are some biological groups, animals and plants. If we do not understand the problems, we blindly use chemical reagents and chemical inputs, which will destroy the cooperative relationship between biological groups. We should make use of the principle of mutual growth and mutual resistance between biological groups to achieve the role of mutual win-win and prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Biological agriculture will be an important development direction of our agricultural development in the future. Physical agriculture, everyone knows that the growth of crops, including animals, requires the harmonious configuration of light, heat, water, and air. Through physical design, such as facility agriculture, after we match it reasonably, it will be beneficial to animals and plants. The creation of an environment for development is conducive to the creation of this harmonious environment. For example, LED lights, recently we visited a base, LED lights monochromatic cold light, for different production periods of plants to give irradiation after it will be very robust production. In Zhejiang, we saw an enterprise that irradiated vegetable seeds, because a vegetable seed costs a few dollars, and many of our vegetable seeds are imported, which is very expensive. If the farmer takes it, it is easy to have a low germination rate, and one tree will lose several pieces. However, after a certain amount of light, the seed germinated 100%, and the seedling finally went to the field without a slow seedling stage, so it grew directly, and it was very strong, and the farmers liked it very much. These are all things that physical agriculture will do in the future. We are all very worried about the pollution of cultivated land, heavy metal pollution, heavy metal pollution not only harm food, such as cadmium rice in Hunan, but also some fruits and vegetables. There is a latest physical technology called attapulgite. After adding a certain amount of water to the field, it can adsorb heavy metals on it and finally bring it up. This is a technology that has been successfully identified by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In other words, there are still many technologies in this, and the future application prospects are relatively large. We can integrate physical agricultural technology and biological agricultural technology assembly into our traditional agricultural technology system, and get rid of the troubles of chemical agriculture on agriculture. This is technology. System innovation. You may still remember that in 2007, in the People's Daily, Xi Jinping, who was also the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, published an article, "Take a new path of efficient and ecological agricultural modernization." This is very important. The technology we want to innovate in the future. The system is an efficient and ecological agricultural technology system, which is the first aspect of innovation drive. Second, innovation in management systems and mechanisms. Everyone knows that our water, soil, and agriculture are now scattered in different departments. This is very bad, but the status quo is like this. There are also the production area environment and comprehensive agricultural development, which are scattered in different departments, rather than the agricultural sector has the final say. What will this situation lead to? It will lead to dysfunction, or it will be absent, or it will overlap, and everyone will want to fight to manage it, and there will be overlapping functions. It can be said that our current situation is ridiculous. The rich projects have been taken away by those outside the agricultural sector. I am no exaggeration to say that the agricultural sector is responsible for the less rich projects in the agricultural, forestry, water and soil environment and comprehensive development projects. You can imagine that China's agriculture will not be able to innovate this system and mechanism in the future. Our innovation drive must be fully reflected in this. I also use a sentence from Comrade Xi Jinping. He once said that "mountains, rivers, fields, forests and lakes are the community of life". We must have unified control. If the management of the fields is only in charge of the fields, the water is only in charge of the water, the mountains are only in charge of the mountains, and the lakes are only in charge of the lakes, do you think about this management system. This is the second aspect I want to say, that the agricultural management system and mechanism must be driven by innovation. Third, the agricultural management system must be innovative. We know that in the past, our agriculture was mainly primary production, but now we need to implement a new management system that integrates 1., 2. and tertiary production, and then a technological socialized service system. In the past, our technology mainly relied on the government's agricultural technology promotion station. In the future, the socialized technical service system will be all-around, flexible and dynamic. There is also a financial service system to keep up with. In the past, we neglected financial services in the rural area. In the future, we will not be able to keep up with this. With the growth of agriculture on a large scale, just like an enterprise, its capital is blood. If it is anemic and lacks funds, it cannot do well. Therefore, the financial service system must keep up and let our agriculture not be anemic. The market service system must keep up. If the existing market service system continues, it will definitely restrict the sustainable development of our agriculture. Our market service system plus the "Internet" will have a greater take-off in the future. The management system must be innovated. Innovation in these three areas must find our driving force. China Net: we pay attention to the strategy of innovation driven development in the national agricultural sustainable comparison plan for many times. How to reflect the requirements of the strategy in the implementation of the plan? Zhu Lizhi: the second article of the basic principles of the "Plan" stated that "we must adhere to the coordination of innovation-driven and legal governance", which highlights the importance of innovation-driven in the overall energy sustainable development plan. It is a requirement to grasp the drive with one hand and the rule of law with the other. Why do you say that? Because the legal system can not only guarantee our innovation drive, but also set up a reasonable track for innovation drive. For example, to protect technological property rights, etc., to prevent illegal acts from infringing, we must focus on innovation on the one hand and the legal system on the other. This is an important principle in our planning. There are still a few words in the plan to insist on innovation-driven, that is, "vigorously promote agricultural scientific and technological innovation and mechanism and system innovation", which is written in the plan. There is also "release the new vitality of reform, promote scientific planting and breeding, focus on strengthening the new driving force of innovation-driven development, and promote the change of agricultural development mode". This is a high degree of innovation drive in the second basic principle. And the "Plan" said, "By 2020, our contribution to scientific and technological progress will reach 60%." This relies on innovation-driven, not only relying on original innovation, but also relying on introduction, digestion, absorption and re-innovation, but also relying on integrated innovation. Because of agriculture, at present, I think we should pay special attention to integrated innovation, that is, to quickly connect the scientific and technological achievements of the existing inventory to agricultural production, which can play a huge role. For example, the technical model of ecological agriculture, as well as some technical models of circular agriculture, rely on a variety of biotechnology and physical technology for integrated innovation, which is what I just said, towards the model of integration of biological agriculture and physical agriculture, China's agriculture can really move towards the road of sustainable development in the future. In addition, the "Plan" also highly emphasizes innovation-driven in the part of the security system. It has such a clause called "strengthening the innovation of the scientific and technological system and mechanism". For example, in terms of resource-saving technology, in terms of environment-friendly technology, and in terms of ecological conservation technology, we should promote collaborative co-management, not the kind of single-handed, one person doing one person, or one team doing one team. This is called institutional innovation. Looking for innovation drivers in this regard, we should organize and implement major scientific and technological projects and key projects. Innovation should be made in the way scientific research is organized. For example, the establishment of a national collaborative innovation alliance of agricultural science and technology, relying on the National Science and Technology Park to further integrate the scientific research forces of scientific research institutions, universities, and enterprises to carry out joint innovation. It is necessary to emphasize the improvement of the performance evaluation system of energy science and technology innovation, which is also a kind of innovation. If the performance evaluation system or incentive mechanism can not keep up, it can not find the real driving force in the innovation of science and technology system and mechanism. Make full use of the market mechanism and social capital to participate in agricultural science and technology. We have not done enough in the past, and we will increase our efforts in this regard in the future. It is also mentioned in the safeguard measures of the Plan to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, which is also an important embodiment of innovation-driven. First of all, it means to create an educational platform for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, in accordance with the principle of win-win interests and shared risks, actively explore bases and projects and enterprises, as well as universities, production units and leading enterprises added by scientific research institutes, and some other agricultural cooperatives can also join in, and so on, the model of modern agricultural science and technology integration and release transformation should be innovated. There is also the need to further increase the reform and construction of the grassroots agricultural technology extension system, which is also very important. Although social forces must intervene, the current grassroots agricultural technology extension system is still a very important force, and further reform and innovation must be strengthened. It is also an innovation of the reward mechanism to create an evaluation mechanism for scientific and technological achievements and reward those who have made outstanding scientific and technological contributions in the field of agricultural sustainable development in accordance with the regulations. China Net: it can be said that the "National Agricultural Science Sustainable Plan" will guide the development of my country's agriculture in the next 15 years or even longer. From which aspects will the plan describe the blueprint for my country's agricultural development? Zhu Lizhi: the plan is described in two stages. The first is that by 2020, my country's sustainable agricultural development will achieve initial results, and the benefits in economic, social, and ecological aspects will be very obvious. This is mainly reflected in eight aspects. First, positive progress has been made in the transformation of agricultural development mode, which is the most important way. Second, the comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been steadily improved. Third, the agricultural structure is more optimized, because our current agricultural structure is not very reasonable. Fourth, the quality and safety level of agricultural products has been continuously improved, which is of great concern to everyone. Fifth, the protection level and utilization efficiency of agricultural resources should be significantly improved. If this fails to keep up, there will be no stamina for sustainable development. Sixth, the outstanding problems of the agricultural environment should be initially solved and phased achievements should be made. For example, the prominent problems of heavy metal pollution and groundwater funnel in North China should be solved in stages and achieved phased results. Seventh, the functions of important ecosystems, such as forests, grasslands, lakes, wetlands, etc., should be effectively improved, restored, or even enhanced. Eighth, the decline of biodiversity should curb its trend, that is to say, the trend of decline should be controlled. This is the blueprint for 2020. By 2030, we will mainly form a new pattern of sustainable agricultural development, basically forming it. In a word, "sustainable agricultural development should achieve remarkable results". This is also reflected in six aspects. First, the supply is strong. Second, efficient use of resources. Third, the environment of the producing area is good. The producing area of our agricultural products can no longer be so polluted, and we must have a good production environment. Fourth, the large agricultural ecosystem must be stable. We must know that agriculture is an ecological industry. If the ecosystem is not good, it cannot be sustainable. Fifth, farmers should be rich. Sixth, the idyllic scenery to be beautiful. This is a two-stage blueprint. China Net: In fact, China has carried out many years of agricultural sustainable development related to the discussion, what achievements have we made? What problems and challenges will we face in order to achieve the sustainable development of agriculture in the future? Zhu Lizhi: our traditional agriculture has done a very good job in sustainable development. You may know that there is a book called "Four Thousand Years of Farmers". This is Franklin King, the director of the Soil Bureau of the U.S. Department of Agriculture in 1911. He went to China in 1909 and spent 9 months in Asia. Three countries, first China, then Japan and South Korea. At that time, Japan and South Korea mainly learned from China, intensive farming and soil fertilization in agriculture, after he returned, he published a book in 1911 called "Four Thousand Years of Farmers", which talked about how China's agriculture is in harmony with nature's production methods. Because at that time, American agriculture was still a kind of extensive farming and extensive management, that is, one piece of land did not know how to fertilize, that is to say, after I planted one piece of land, I ran to another piece of land, and this piece of land was deserted. He did not know how to improve the fertility of the soil. After learning the practices of the Chinese people, he went back to publish this book, which is known as the first book to introduce the essence of sustainable agricultural development in the Western world. What does it mean? It means that our traditional agriculture is sustainable. Later, our practice in the United States was also ready to learn, but their chemical fertilizers and pesticides came out, chemical fertilizers and pesticides were very simple, they used a large number of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, chemical fertilizers to improve soil fertility, pesticides to eliminate diseases and insect pests, very effective, they abandoned China's practice. Then later, China began to learn from them in the 1970 s and 1980 s. Especially in the 1970 s and 1980 s, we began to use chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In the 1990 s, chemical fertilizer plants and pesticide plants were built everywhere in our country. This is the advanced experience of the West. We have to learn. As a result, we have forgotten our good traditional agricultural practices. In the 1980 s and 1990 s, especially in the 1980 s, the United Nations Conference on environment and development issued an important report, which had a great impact on the world. It was called "our common future". The concept of sustainable development was put forward for the first time. That is to say, we should take into account both contemporary people and future generations, that is to say, the concept of sustainable development was put forward for the first time. It has been discussed all over the world, and it began to be discussed in China in the 1980 s and 1990 s. Then we also conducted continuous discussions in the field of agriculture, especially in theoretical research and gradual experiments, we have done a lot of work. Up to now, we have begun to comprehensively plan the stage of in-depth implementation, that is, this "plan" has come out. When this "Plan" came out, we actually made some achievements. After all, there have been many years of theoretical discussions and gradual experiments. The first achievement we have achieved is in theoretical discussions, and then I will talk about the ability in practice. In terms of theoretical discussion, especially this time our "Plan" summarizes our country's theories in this area over the years, and then defines what is the definition of sustainable agricultural development with Chinese characteristics. First of all, at the level of basic definition, we have a few words called "sustainable agricultural development refers to the rational use of agricultural resources, effective protection of the agricultural ecological environment, and ensuring that the needs of contemporary and future generations for agricultural products are met." That is, not only the present but also the future generations, which is a basic definition level we say so. In terms of development strategy, we have another sentence, which is called "through technological progress, structural adjustment and institutional innovation, we should gradually realize the coordinated development of society, economy and ecology." This is a key development strategy. In addition, we also define the core work, that is, "sustainable agricultural development must pay attention to three types of agriculture", three types of agriculture-resource-saving, environment-friendly, and ecological conservation. In the past, we all know that we have been engaged in two types of agriculture for a long time, that is, resource-saving and environment-friendly agriculture. I said that agriculture is an ecological industry, and it will definitely not be able to do well if it does not rise to a higher ecological level. Therefore, in this sustainable development plan, we have proposed a new third type-ecological conservation type, and formed Three types of agriculture-resource-saving, environment-friendly, and ecological conservation. From the perspective of resources, environment and ecology, we should grasp the core work of agricultural construction in an all-round way. Because when talking about resources, we mainly focus on profits. When talking about the environment, we focus on influence. When talking about ecology, we pay more attention to coordination and coordination, that is, how to develop cooperatively between biology and the environment. Agriculture is an ecological industry. If this coordinated and symbiotic system is not well established, our agriculture cannot be sustainable. Only when the three-type agriculture is established can our agriculture have the stamina for development, ensure our food security, and promote the construction of the entire social ecological civilization. The construction of ecological civilization is inseparable from the ecological construction of agriculture. Then we have another important achievement in theoretical discussion, that is, we put forward the theory of value cycle, which is mainly aimed at agricultural circular economy, and of course, it can also rise to various types of circular economy other than agriculture. We can use this theory of value cycle, because the most classical theoretical basis of value cycle theory is 3R theory, that is, reduction, reuse and recycling. But this is still from the technical level above, stay in the technical level of explanation. The theory of the attempted value cycle explained from the economic level is usefully discussed. At the first level, he believes that through the circulation of material units in the system, we can use the same resources to create greater value. This is its first level. I can only simply say that the first level is how to create greater value with the same resources. At the second level, this theory clarifies what value is, where the value is the value of positive value minus negative value, rather than how much output value and how much agricultural output we used to say. While we are producing these output values and outputs, we also have a destructive effect on society, the environment, and resources. We have not subtracted this negative value. This theory means that we must consider both positive value. More importantly, consider negative value. Negative value is often not reflected in the present, it is also reflected in the second year, or even longer. How to convert the negative value of the next few years into the present value to deduct, in the positive value to deduct, this is what we have to care about, this is the real value, do not deduct this value that is the value of water. There is also this theory that immediately explains how to increase more positive value and reduce negative value. This is another level of this theory. This theory emphasizes that if the value chain is used to pull the circulation of material units in the system, a smooth circulation channel can be established. We often ignore this point when we are in the circular economy. Why can't the circular economy go on in many places? It ignores the value chain to pull it. Because every department and every relatively independent organization in the circular economy has its own interests. To put it bluntly, it is a relatively independent economic rational person. It has to care about value. It can only trade on the value chain. In order to complete the material cycle and the establishment of channels. Our theory is also elaborated by the derivation of theoretical mathematics, that is, a unit of matter will generate more resources after several cycles. Take the current agricultural straw as an example. We have analyzed it. About 0.2 billion tons of straw are wasted in China every year. We should know that straw is also produced by water, soil, labor and fertilizer. It does not mean that a piece of ground light grows fruit without straw. Straw is also a kind of biological quality and a kind of harvest. However, our 0.2 billion tons will be wasted. If we make full use of it, if we make good use of it and don't let it go to waste, we basically increase the amount of energy resources by 20%, which is considerable. In terms of concrete practice, we have also made many achievements for a long time. First of all, the production capacity of agricultural life and the income of farmers are continuously improving. For example, our grain has been abundant for 11 years. In the past, we talked about an increase in 11 years. From this year on, we have changed to a high yield, not an increase in production. Because grain can not always pursue a substantial increase in production, as long as it is good. If we keep increasing the resources by a large margin, we will not be able to keep up with it, but will destroy the resources and ecological environment. Therefore, we propose 11 years of abundance. Indeed, we have achieved 11 years of abundant food, which is a very important achievement. There is also the people's income to achieve 11 consecutive fast, faster than the growth of urban residents. second, the level of our agricultural profits has steadily increased. Third, the intensity of agricultural ecological protection and construction has been continuously increased. Fourth, the rural living environment has gradually improved. These are all our achievements. problems and challenges, let me briefly say here that although we have made some important achievements, our problems and challenges are also very serious. First of all, it is manifested in the increasing hard constraints on our resources. For example, we have so much land and so much water, and our population is so large, how can we ensure its growing supply and demand, because our number is so small that per capita arable land and fresh water are only 40% and 25% of the world average, which is very small. We still have to lose so much arable land and so much water to waste every year. We must consider these hard constraints. Second, the problem of environmental pollution is also more prominent. First of all, industrial and domestic pollution is constantly affecting the agricultural industrial environment, and the pollution of agriculture itself is also increasing, such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides, because our chemical fertilizer utilization rate and agricultural utilization rate are not too high. We must improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in order to prevent agricultural non-point source pollution. Now the Ministry of Agriculture has proposed one control, two reductions and three basic. One control is the water consumption I just mentioned. Although we do not have enough water resources, we waste a lot. We must control water consumption and improve water efficiency. The two reductions are to reduce chemical fertilizers and pesticides. By 2020, chemical fertilizers and pesticides will basically be at zero growth, and they will no longer grow. Of course, it is based on the improvement of the efficiency of utilization. The efficiency of chemical fertilizer utilization must be increased by 7 percentage points. The efficiency of pesticide utilization must be increased by 6 percentage points. We must solve this problem. Third, ecosystem degradation is more obvious. The farmland ecosystem is not as good as before, especially the complex ecosystem of agriculture, forestry, agriculture and animal husbandry. We must establish it urgently. There are also grasslands, lakes, wetlands, and forests. Our ecosystems are degraded more obviously, and we need to restore them. Fourth, institutional mechanisms are not yet sound. In terms of management, we said earlier that our management system is not very good. First of all, we must look for our innovation drive in this area. There is also the market-oriented allocation of agricultural resources, and this mechanism should be perfected. Then the development mechanism of our circular agriculture is not too perfect, and it needs to be perfected. There is also the agricultural ecological compensation mechanism that we have not done enough. This is a problem. There are other problems and challenges as well. For example, we have put it bluntly or not let our thinking be connected to the sustainable development of agriculture from a deep level. We have some measures, internal and external factors are superimposed, and our contradictions are constantly prominent. In addition, our management ability is not very optimistic. First of all, the labor force is not very good, and the productivity of land is still too low. Then the operating efficiency is not too good. Because the efficiency of agriculture has always been relatively low, compared with other industries, it is a relatively inefficient industry. Then there is a new trend, that is, with the derivation of the industrial chain, the cost of agriculture is getting higher and higher, such as its transportation cost, storage cost, storage, processing, and rough processing. These costs are very large and must be added. In the field of agriculture, its cost is getting higher and higher, which is called high cost. What does all this indicate? It shows that China's agriculture has entered a special period of stronger resource constraints, greater environmental pressure, weaker ecological security, lagging institutional mechanisms, and rising risks in the use of domestic and foreign resources, which is a very obvious problem and challenge. China Net: finally, we would like to ask you to sort out for us what are the key points of this "Plan". In particular, what is the significance of this "Plan" for the development of China's agriculture? Zhu Lizhi: first of all, it has established key tasks, which have several aspects. 1. Optimize the development layout and steadily increase agricultural production capacity. This is the first key task. First of all, work should be done in the matching of production and water and soil resources, as well as in areas with excessive utilization of resources and outstanding environmental problems, and how to do a good job in the corresponding work of returning farmland to forest and grazing land to grassland in ecologically fragile areas. 2. Protect cultivated land resources and promote the immortal use of farmland. Cultivated land resources are very important. First, the amount of our cultivated land is not very good. Second, the quality of our cultivated land is not very good. We must improve the organic value of cultivated land. In addition, we must ensure that we have 0.8 billion acres of concentrated contiguous areas and guaranteed harvest by drought and flood in 2020. High-standard farmland, this task is very arduous, but it must be achieved. Second, it is also an important task to ensure the safety of energy and water in terms of water conservation. We need to establish a red line of water resources for agricultural development and utilization. By 2020, we will have 372 billion cubic meters and 373 billion cubic meters in 2030. In the past, we talked more about the red line of cultivated land and did not mention the red line of water use. This time, the "Plan" places great emphasis on the red line of water use. Of course, we must increase the utilization rate of this water, increase the currently low utilization rate to 0.55 by 2020, and reach more than 0.6 by 2030, and accelerate the construction of our efficient water-saving energy technology system, so that We use water more efficiently. Third, control environmental pollution and improve the rural agricultural environment, which is also a very important aspect. It is reflected in how to control external pollution, as well as internal pollution, and then achieve three basic points. As mentioned earlier, one control, two reductions and three basic points are the key tasks emphasized by the Ministry of Agriculture. One control is the water control just mentioned. The two reductions are chemical fertilizers and pesticides. This agricultural pollution should also pay attention to three basics, three basics: 1, the basic recycling of straw. 2. Basic recycling of livestock and poultry manure. 3, agricultural film, pesticide packaging bags and the like to do the basic recycling. In this way, we can control the agricultural environmental pollution within a certain range. Fourth, restore agricultural ecology and improve ecological functions. The first is to increase the forest coverage rate, which will reach more than 23% by 2020. Second, the construction of forest network in farmland should be increased, and the farmland ecosystem is also very important. It must cooperate with the construction of forest network in order to establish a reasonable farmland ecosystem. It looks like farmland alone, and its ecosystem is definitely not very good, and it is not conducive to the growth of crops. Third, in terms of aquaculture, we need to increase healthy aquaculture, not the random high-density aquaculture in the past. As a result, the water body is destroyed, and the cultured aquatic products are of low quality and safety problems. Fifth, in terms of regional layout, we also have some key work, mainly according to the carrying capacity of agricultural resources, environmental capacity and ecological types, to divide the country into optimized development areas, moderate release areas and protected development areas. this is a kind of innovation we have done in terms of the overall agricultural layout. In the past, our agricultural layout was mainly ten major areas, but now it is to highlight the key points and divide it into three major areas in strategy and strategy, called optimized development areas, moderate development areas and protected development areas. In the optimized development zone, we mainly insist on giving priority to production and giving consideration to ecology. We must achieve stable development of production, effective use of resources, and friendly ecological environment. Because the optimized development of this place is mainly distributed in the east, the main production area of mass agricultural products, the agricultural production conditions are very good, and the potential is relatively large, but there are also many problems. For example, the excessive consumption of water and soil resources, environmental pollution, excessive use of pesticide inputs, and the degree of resource recycling are not too high, so we must solve these problems of optimizing the development zone, and then give full play to its advantages to fully highlight the role of optimizing the development zone. In the moderately developed area, we all know what its shortcomings are, that is, the ecology is fragile, the allocation of water and soil is misplaced, the water shortage of resources and engineering is relatively serious, the carrying capacity of resources and environment is limited, and the energy infrastructure is relatively weak, mainly in the northwest region and along the Great Wall, which is different from the optimized development area just now. The optimized development area just now, for example, is in the east, from the east to the Huang-Huai-Hai, then to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and then to South China. The moderate development area is the northwest and along the Great Wall. It has its own characteristics, that is, the production characteristics are very distinct, in which we should attach equal importance to protection and development, be determined to give full play to our advantages, and maximize our strengths and circumvent our weaknesses. In the protection and development area, the characteristics are even more obvious. To put it bluntly, there are two places in the protection and development area. One is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is the Qinghai-Tibet area, and the other is the marine area. Our marine area is also a protected area. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau must be well protected. It focuses on ecological protection or construction. Production is placed within the scope of restrictions. Development must be restricted and protection must be emphasized. Everyone knows the importance of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is an important ecological barrier and the birthplace of major rivers. We must protect it, and development is within limits. There is also marine fishery. Considering the significant decline of fishery resources in recent years, we must protect it well, that is, we must adhere to protection, limited and restricted development in these areas, so that we can put it on the road of sustainable development. Sixth, major projects, we have set up major projects in the planning, major projects in several aspects. 1. Major projects in the protection of water and soil resources. There are also some specific projects that will not be introduced one by one, such as high-standard farmland construction projects, cultivated land quality protection and improvement projects, and heavy metal pollution control projects. These projects are very important in the field of water and soil resources protection, and this project is also placed in an important position. 2. Agricultural and rural environmental management project. There are also many projects in this project, including livestock and poultry manure, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, agricultural film and pesticide packaging bags, straw, and comprehensive treatment of the rural environment. These projects have also been designed a lot, which are very specific and will be implemented in the future. 3. In terms of ecological protection and restoration projects, we will continue to do these existing projects, such as a new round of returning farmland to forests, grassland protection, and rocky desertification control. 4. Pay attention to the construction of water ecological restoration projects. 5, agricultural biological resources protection project, we must do it well. 6. Experimental demonstration projects. The experimental demonstration project should focus on the construction of ten types of agricultural sustainable development experimental areas, which is very magnificent and very important. Finally, you asked what is the significance of the introduction of this "plan". I will briefly explain this. Because senior leaders have kept saying that the promulgation of this "Plan" is a programmatic document to guide China's agricultural development in the next 15 years, or even longer, and it has been made very clear. Why is it a programmatic document for the future? First of all, from the top-level design, it sets the guiding ideology, points out to us the guiding ideology and basic principles, as well as development goals. From the top-level design, our future development path is very clear, so it is a programmatic document. The programmatic document for the next 15 years or more has been determined, and its significance is strategic. Second, this "plan" must be continuously implemented and implemented, and become a number of annual plans, or specific plans or projects, and it will promote the transformation of my country's agricultural methods in an all-round way. Everyone knows that our current agricultural development mode is not sustainable. Through the implementation and implementation of this plan, we can transform the agricultural development mode in an all-round way and make our country's agriculture embark on the path of sustainable development. What is the understanding from the practical operational level? Because this plan identifies the key tasks, the regional layout and development steps are also clear, and the major engineering safeguards are clear, we further landing in the implementation process will be more clear where the core of some of the work we have to do, where the focus is, how to do each step in the future, are clear. China Net: due to time constraints, this is the end of our program. Thank you again for being with us, and thank you all for watching. Good-. Coverage video connection: http://fangtan.china.com.cn/2015-08/05/content_36229900.htm
2015-03-31
To the Memory of 2014 Annual Conference of CSFAE in Ha'erbinIce and snow were common in our memories 'cause in a northern city had we met Big bowls full of beer and cheer When warm greetings we hear None the less we wouldn't forget what brought us together And we did what we were to do: In chatting and laughing the big issue was settled With respect and solemnity the academic papers were read Tune for future was settled by the talented who were to guide And so naughty and eager were little birds who had their first song tried. So glad was I to find new friends and on their roads I would come along More cherished the moment when I held old friend's hands And recalled the days when we were both young After departure we resumed with QQ and Weixin May the friendship rivers flow wide and long! In this moment of Lunar new year, and a blessing cup in my hand I wish every HAPPINESS to every one (Be it the year of Goat, Sheep, or Ram) Now with the last brave roar the Horse was gone Then when shall we meet, and where, I dare to ask Again in the forthcoming month talk and laugh about big things, read articles rigorously. The new warbler is busy at first. The most happy to meet the same people, one or two to carry and return. If you meet an old friend again, you will not feel long. Return to qq, WeChat and Will. The Spring Festival Cup is in hand and I wish you a good health. Ma Xiao has not gone far, the horns are in sight. Shen Pingzuo, School of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University
2015-03-13
Vice President Zhu Lizhi was invited to give a lecture at the Sino-British Symposium on "From Environmental Science to Environmental Policy".Vice President Zhu Lizhi was invited to give a lecture at the Sino-British Symposium on "From Environmental Science to Environmental Policy". On March 11, 2015, researcher Zhu Lizhi, director of the Resource and Environmental Economics Research Office of the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, was invited to attend the Sino-British "From Environmental Science to Environmental Policy" seminar co-sponsored by the Development Research Center of the State Council and the British Science and Innovation Global Network, and made an academic report entitled "Theories and Countermeasures of Ecological Agriculture Development. Zhu Lizhi believes in the report that agriculture is the ecological industry that is most closely related to nature. At present, the resource and environmental problems faced by my country's agricultural development are unavoidable in the construction of ecological civilization. If these problems are not completely solved, the construction of ecological civilization cannot be discussed. Only by changing the mode of agricultural development, exploring the road of modern ecological agriculture development, and improving the agricultural and rural ecological environment, can we solidly promote the construction of ecological civilization. To a large extent, the development of contemporary agriculture is at the cost of excessive consumption of resources and destruction of the ecological environment, which is unsustainable in the long run. Integrating the rational use and protection of resources and environment into the development of agricultural industry is the correct direction of China's agricultural development in the future. Zhu Lizhi emphasized that ecological agriculture is conducive to the efficient and comprehensive utilization of resources, is conducive to improving the carrying capacity of resources and the environment, and is conducive to stimulating the demand for ecological technology. The future ecological agriculture is different from the traditional ecological agriculture, should be modern and efficient ecological agriculture. To develop modern and efficient ecological agriculture, we need to overcome many difficulties, such as insufficient talent and technology reserves, low scale efficiency and imperfect incentive and guarantee measures; ecological agriculture in the new period needs modern scientific and technological system, large-scale organization and operation mode, and scientific policy support system guidance.
2015-03-13
Vice President Zhu Lizhi Accepts Interview with Guangming Net's Two Sessions ColumnZhu Lizhi Accepts Interview with Guangming Net's Two Sessions Column on March 5, 2015, researcher Zhu Lizhi, director of the Agricultural and Rural Resources and Environment Research Office of the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, accepted an interview with Guangming Net reporters Wu Jinmin and Chen Baihui on agricultural ecological environmental protection and agricultural and rural development. Interview video and content published in the two sessions of the Guangming column, the full text is as follows: "Land is the mother of wealth, labor is the father of wealth." A few days ago, when interpreting the current situation of food security and agricultural development in China, Zhu Lizhi, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and director of the Research Office of the Institute of Agricultural Economics, quoted the famous words of William Pedi (William Petty), a British classical economist, to explain the importance of cultivated land quality and labor force for rural construction. "Now we have a problem with the mother of wealth and the father of wealth." Zhu Lizhi told reporters that the quality of cultivated land is declining, and the current situation in rural areas cannot attract young people who are busy going out to work to earn money. For a long time, compared with the recycling of internal resources such as ecological conservation, external agricultural materials such as pesticides and fertilizers have often received more attention, which has greatly threatened the soil environment. "To engage in sustainable agricultural development, we must put the key strength on improving the quality of the land, which is the core issue, hiding the strength in the ground, the heart has the strength. In other words, we need to hide the productivity of agriculture underground, so that long-term and near-term can be considered, is more comprehensive." zhu Lizhi also pointed out that in order to improve the agricultural ecological environment, it is necessary to strengthen legal construction, relevant legal documents must be systematized, operability must be enhanced, and the enforcement of the law must be vigorous. "The environmental law of missing teeth can't hurt bones and muscles, at most, it can hurt some fur. Sometimes even fur can't be hurt, so what's the use." Zhu Lizhi metaphorically said. Only when the enforcement of the law is strong enough can it have a deterrent effect on the behavior that endangers the environment and ensure the improvement of the soil environment. Zhu Lizhi told reporters that in the development of agricultural industry, we should ensure the ecological industry, and ecological protection should also be able to make money and realize ecological industrialization. Only in this way can we achieve a virtuous circle and enter a state of sustainable development. Rural agriculture can develop and farmers will become rich. When talking about the current situation of a large number of "second generation of farmers" going to work in cities, resulting in the lack of rural labor force, Zhu Lizhi believes that unless farming can obtain the same income as working in cities, the trend of people going to work in cities cannot be curbed. He further stated that to increase farmers' income, one is to realize land transfer, and the other is to accelerate the integration of rural primary and 2. industries. "The industrialization of agriculture involves a number of links, each of which has to be expanded so that a sound system can be formed, and the money earned from engaging in agriculture is not only derived from the market value of agricultural products, but also from some other aspects, like secondary and tertiary industries, which can increase their added value. Agriculture will then become a more profitable platform, rather than just staying in the primary industry." in addition, it is also very important for agricultural industrialization to reduce the hardship of farming and increase the socialization of agricultural services. "For example, when spraying pesticides, there are special personnel to spray pesticides, and mechanization is realized when sowing and ploughing. Now it has been realized in many places, especially in the eastern region." Zhu Lizhi said that when the land is transferred to a certain scale, the socialized services of agriculture can be implemented, so that the degree of hardship in agriculture will be reduced. When the income of farmers is no less than that of those who work in cities, and the work is not too hard, the countryside can attract manpower. "I believe it can be done. It will be a key turning point." Zhu Lizhi finally said. Videos and interviews can be found on the following pages: http://tech.gmw.cn/2015-03/08/content_15033792.htm
2015-02-04
Zhu Lizhi Accepted Xinhua News Agency Reporters to Interpret No.1 Central Document in 2015Zhu Lizhi Accepted Xinhua News Agency Reporters to Interpret No.1 Central Document in 2015 on February 1, 2015, Xinhua News Agency reporter Lin Hui interviewed researcher Zhu Lizhi, director of the Agricultural and Rural Resources and Environment Research Office of the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, on the relevant content of the 2015 Central Document No. 1. The No. 1 document of the Central Committee in 2015 emphasized the need to "focus on the construction of modern agriculture and accelerate the transformation of agricultural development methods". In this regard, researcher Zhu Lizhi believes that modern agriculture is different from petroleum agriculture. It is a low-consumption, low-pollution, and high-efficiency agriculture. Therefore, my country's agriculture must change the existing conventional development mode and take a sustainable modern agricultural development path. In the process of changing the mode of agricultural development, we should pay attention to the development of "three-type" agriculture, that is, from the "two-type" agriculture of "resource-saving and environment-friendly" to the "three-type" agriculture of "resource-saving, environment-friendly and ecological conservation. Agriculture is an ecological industry. Only by rising to a higher level of ecology can we ensure sustainable development. The No. 1 document of the Central Committee in 2015 emphasized the need to "continuously enhance food production capacity". In view of this, researcher Zhu Lizhi believes that enhancing grain production capacity requires us to make efforts in many aspects, but we should take improving the quality of cultivated land as the top priority. We should not only be based on the present, but also focus on the future, so that we can "keep food in the ground and have confidence in our hearts". As early as more than three centuries ago, the British economist Pi said: "Land is the mother of wealth, and labor is the father of wealth." This sentence, especially for Chinese people who have a small per capita land area, should always be kept in mind. Xinhua News Agency reporter Lin Hui published excerpts of Zhu Lizhi's views, see Xinhua http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-02/01/c_1114210107.htm http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-02/02/c_1114219522.htm http://news.xinhuanet.com/finance/2015-02/02/c_127447150.htm (Feeding: If so)
2014-10-09
Zhu Sihao Zhu Ding and his son members of the "roof ecological farm"Download
2014-08-10
Postscript-Du Zhixiong and his party visited Russia in November 2013Download
2014-03-29
Li Guoxiang: Pork prices are mainly determined by supply and demand in the market.Pork prices fall to nearly three-year low, experts say overcapacity is obvious 2014-03-29 08:48:50 Source: CCTV2 recently, people who go to the supermarket to buy meat in the vegetable market must be very happy. Pork with a 0.50kg of 10 yuan and 8 yuan feels cheaper than some vegetables. However, the pig farmers are quite depressed. The fatter the pig, the more they lose. According to the Xinhua News Agency's national agricultural and sideline products and agricultural materials price system monitoring, the national pork price has dropped to a low point in the past three years. So, what is pulling down the price of pork? According to the previous pig cycle theory, is the price of meat bottoming out now? CCTV financial channel host Shen Zhu and special commentator Li Guoxiang (microblogging), a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and Liu Ge, a famous financial commentator, commented together. Pork prices have fallen and market monitoring has fallen to a near three-year low. Suppressing prices, the central reserve frozen pork storage started, why pig prices continue to be low? Cheap meat hurts farmers, expensive meat hurts people, pig farming how to break the pig cycle? Xinhua News Agency's national agricultural and sideline products and agricultural materials price system monitoring shows that compared with January 31, the national daily average prices of pork belly and pork hip tip decreased by 13.2 and 12.1 respectively on March 26. In terms of regions, pork prices in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities across the country have declined. Among them, the price of pork belly in Shanxi, Hainan, and Chongqing, and the price of pork hip tip in Shanxi, Liaoning, and Chongqing has fallen the most, between 20.3-29%. At present, the national pork price has dropped to the lowest point since February 2011. Wu Xiaodi (farmers):(price) almost no way to afford. Zhong Xinfu (Director of the Information Center of the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Agriculture): I hope that as a farmer, I must look at this market rationally. If there is no strength, it is appropriate to reduce the scale. Second, taking advantage of this low price, we should eliminate some breeding pigs and cultivate some breeding pigs with higher ecological performance. In order to further curb the decline in pig prices and protect the interests of farmers. On March 27, the Ministry of Commerce, together with relevant departments, launched the first batch of electronic bidding procurement for the collection and storage of frozen pork this year. And will continue to pay close attention to market changes, strengthen market monitoring and forecasting, early warning. Li Guoxiang: The current decline in pork prices stems from the phase of overcapacity. (Special commentator of CCTV Financial Review) personally, I think it is a phase of relative excess. In recent years, the growth rate of our live pigs has slowed down, but the overall number of slaughter has increased. It was not until the beginning of this year that the amount of slaughter began to decrease slightly, so that the entire production capacity continues to expand, so the demand should be adjusted in the past few years, and it is relatively stable, or the growth is relatively slow. In this case, the long-term accumulation of excess capacity has not been transferred, so it is a phased overcapacity. Because pork consumption is different from grain, grain is indeed an inverted U-shaped, so now to the protection stage, it should not be an inverted U-shaped, but an S-shaped. Then pork should be in our country. It has not yet reached the protection stage. It should be said that with the increase of residents' income in the future, it will still grow in the future. So now it is said that the per capita consumption of pork between urban residents and rural residents is still very different, and the consumption of low-income people in cities is also very different from that of high-income people. With the change of income situation, it should be said that the total amount of pork will continue to grow, and the per capita consumption will also increase. Liu Ge: Under the stimulus of subsidies and market expectations, pigs have overcapacity. ("CCTV financial review" commentator) in fact, because we were making large-scale subsidies in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011. So this subsidy actually a lot of industrial and commercial capital into the pig industry. We heard that everyone, including those engaged in IT, steel smelting and real estate, came to raise pigs. We felt that since there were state subsidies and there was such a shortage of pork, it would definitely be an upward trend. Therefore, under the effect of such a stimulus and the expectation of the market, this production capacity would grow very fast. Looking at it now, there is indeed excess capacity. Pork, perhaps as a percentage of meat consumption, has generally declined. About 20 years ago, it accounted for 75% of our total meat consumption, but now it only accounts for about 45%. Well, in general, the importance of pork in the whole pig food consumption has actually been declining. In 2011, we have subsidies for those large-scale breeding, such as 200000, 400000 and 600000, that is to say, after you have raised how many heads, there will be subsidies. At that time, he built the house, threw it away, and then caught the pig seedlings. At this time, he could not easily say that he would not raise it, because agricultural production is generally a long cycle. In fact, it is mainly the relationship between supply and demand. From 2009 to 2013, to 2014, the average fluctuation range of our pork price was more than 9 yuan per kilogram from the lowest point in 2009. At its peak, it reached nearly 20 yuan in the second and third quarters of 2011. That is to say, it fluctuates by more than 100 per cent. In the whole process, the fluctuation of grain, whether it is domestic grain or international market grain, has never been so great. In other words, there may be a certain correlation between each other, but on the whole, the fluctuation cycle of pork and the fluctuation cycle of grain price and feed are not completely causal, so I think it should not be regarded as the decline of grain price and feed price, which leads to the decline of pork price. I think this view is wrong. Li Guoxiang: Pork prices are mainly determined by supply and demand in the market. (Special commentator of CCTV Financial Review) this is indeed the case now. Farmers are losing a lot of money. The cost of silence, we call it the sunk cost. Since 2007, pork prices have risen sharply, and even we can say that they have skyrocketed, doubling in a short period of time. At that time, a large number of industrial and commercial capital into the pig industry, all of a sudden the formation of this production capacity. Since 2012, pork prices have continued to be in the doldrums, phased, that is to say, seasonal increases, but in general, it should be said that pig farmers are comprehensive or generally losing money, so why doesn't he quit? So the main thing is that if he invests in it, he has already spent a lot of capital. If he withdraws now, then his production equipment and facilities cannot be turned into cash or income. If he withdraws and gives up, the cost should be higher. So he just died here to hang on. It is true that the price of feed has fallen, so the prices of major corn and soybeans have all fallen, which is good news for farmers and eases the pressure on their pig prices to fall. But I personally think that in a short period of time, the decline in feed prices is not the direct cause or decisive factor leading to the decline in pork prices. Because in a short period of time, pork prices are mainly determined by the supply and demand of the market. Then there is an oversupply and prices fall. Of course, in the long run, pork prices are highly correlated with costs; but in the short run, their correlation is relatively small. Liu Ge: The price of beef and mutton will continue to rise and will become as expensive as beef and mutton in Korean dramas. ("CCTV financial review" commentator) I don't know if you have noticed some plots in Korean dramas. In the last 20 or 30 years, the diet of Koreans has also changed. The total amount of beef eaten per person is increasing, possibly doubling in 20 years. The original words, 3, 4kg, now to 10kg. But there are only so many cows, then the price will go up at this time, so we are now facing the same problem as South Korea. In the case of beef and mutton, the supply is not keeping up. The price of beef and mutton will continue to rise, and will continue to rise for a long time. If we only rely on our Chinese territory to supply China's beef and mutton, it is certainly not enough. For too many years, it must be the same as what happened in South Korean TV dramas. Beef must cost 400 yuan a 3. to 0.50kg. It is true that the second senior brother is very difficult to control, and Sun Wukong cannot control it, so you have to believe that you are better than Sun Wukong. Li Guoxiang: The price of beef and mutton will continue to rise. This is a worldwide phenomenon. (Special commentator of CCTV Financial Review) mainly, I personally think that pigs, cattle and sheep have different reproductive abilities. For cattle and sheep, its reproduction should be very slow. It takes one to two years for a cow to be able to have a cow and a cub, and then a sheep can give birth to a cub a year. Therefore, when we were investigating in rural areas, the herdsmen were saying that they were in a hurry and the price was very high, but they could only be in a hurry and could not stimulate production. If from the perspective of demand, beef and mutton are relatively high-income consumption, then the price increase should basically have no binding force on its adjustment ability. Also, even if our Muslims and Muslims eat beef and mutton, they are not sensitive to the price. Then this supply and demand relationship, with limited production capacity and unregulated demand, can only be watched as it continues to rise. Large-scale, it may not be able to lower the price, and sometimes even when the relationship between supply and demand is tight, it will raise the price. Why? Because as far as we know, herdsmen are also small-scale breeding. So now the centralized listing, slaughter, can get the market to sell, are often large-scale breeding. Large-scale breeding is mainly in the stage of fattening. If many herdsmen are concentrated in small-scale breeding, the whole market is in short supply and the supply and demand are tight. Therefore, they control the supply of this market, so the seller's market controls the market price. Therefore, the supply exceeds the demand, so they are likely to raise the price artificially. I think beef and mutton will continue to rise. If the government does not take regulatory measures, it will rise even more during holidays. So now many places have increased the government's reserves. During the holidays, we will sell them to stabilize prices. The current rise in beef and mutton is a worldwide phenomenon, not a country. Li Guoxiang: The establishment of a target price system must not distort the market. (Special commentator of CCTV Financial Review) as for the price of pork, I personally think that if the government does not regulate and let the market forces play a role, then it will definitely rise and fall in the end, which is inevitable. This is the result of all agricultural products without proper and better market intervention. Of course, if government intervention is inappropriate, it could exacerbate the volatility. Intervention is good and should be able to smooth out this market volatility. The market will inevitably bring about this kind of fluctuation, so the government wants to ease this fluctuation a little bit, but it is impossible to put an end to it, unless you do not engage in the market. So, how can the government become smarter? We just hope that the market will play a decisive role in the allocation of resources. He said that if it should be eliminated, let the backward farmers be eliminated. If the piglets born by sows are not good, you will kill them. Then part of the elimination depends on the market. So, the government has to protect the core capacity again, and not be able to eliminate too much, and when he needs it, you don't have it, so what? That's to say that the government intervenes again, but it doesn't distort the market, should it be eliminated or let it be eliminated, and that's what our government wants to do. This year's Central Document No. 1 was put forward. In the future, pigs will be like grain. We will establish a target price system. It is hoped that it can protect the enthusiasm of pig farmers and protect the core production capacity. On the other hand, it can not distort the market.
2014-01-07
Chen Shijun: Summary of the Symposium on the Development of China's Agricultural Globalization in the Economic Transition Period and the 2013 Annual Meeting of China's Foreign Agricultural Economic Research AssociationSummary of the Symposium on the Development of China's Agricultural Globalization in the Economic Transition Period and the 2013 Annual Meeting of China's Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association author: Chen Shijun (Associate researcher, Institute of Agricultural Economics and Letters, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; member of China Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association) source: Author Contributions the academic seminar on the development of China's agricultural globalization during the economic transition period and the 2013 annual meeting of the China Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association were held in Beijing Central Europe Hotel on December 28, 2013. 76 members of the 6th China Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association, 48 non-members and 5 special guests attended the meeting. Distinguished from the industry sector, the participants are mainly from scientific research institutes and universities, and a few from information media, government agencies and companies. To distinguish from the region, the participants are mainly from Beijing, a few from Chinese units outside Beijing, foreign countries. At 9 a.m., the meeting began. Song Yi, deputy editor-in-chief of China Agricultural Publishing House, and Du Zhixiong, deputy director of the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, delivered speeches successively. Special guest Pan Shengzhou (Deputy Director of the Policy Research Institute of the CPC Central Committee) gave a speech entitled "Interpretation of the Decision of the Third Plenary Session and the Spirit of the Central Rural Work Conference. Relevant conference documents and news have been published and reported on the Internet, newspapers and television. Pan Shengzhou's speech was wonderful, providing guidance, highlighting key points and contrasting reform contents, which helped the audience understand the contents of the document. It was also explained in connection with typical events, adding specific and vivid plots to the document. The "decision on several Major issues of comprehensively deepening Reform" adopted by the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee is one of the very important and high-quality documents in the resolution documents of the CPC meeting; therefore, it can be concluded that the secretaries who wrote the documents have worked hard; the elders who guided and deliberated the documents have insight and courage. Don't just praise a small group of people with relatively strong abilities. We must also see that the "Decision on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform" still has some shortcomings. (1) The "Decision on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform" was written by officials and secretaries of various industries. However, due to the imperfect classification of national industries, the structure of the article is loose and the content is chaotic. (2) the contradiction of the concept of words is still more prominent. For example, "adhere to and improve the basic economic system"; "safeguard the authority of the Constitution and law" and "deepen the reform of the judicial system"; "adhere to democratic centralism" and "strengthen and improve the restriction and supervision of the exercise of power by major leading cadres"; "separation of government and enterprise", "separation of government affairs" and "Party committee and government supervision of state-owned cultural assets management institutions, The implementation of personnel management and assets management guidance is unified"; "Strengthening and improving the Party's leadership in comprehensively deepening reform". (3) The economic system and the political system are very serious. If this is due to the ideological and theoretical deduction of "material and metaphysical" and "economic foundation and superstructure", then it can be said that the separation of economic system and political system is even more serious, because the latter wants to divide material behavior, information and legal standards into different industries. (4) In the operation of the industry, involving the rights and interests of control on the preference for "strengthening", involving the production of products, the provision of services is "perfect". This is one of the reasons why the industry is dead and the supply of products and services is insufficient. (5) I feel dizzy reading such a document of more than 20000 words written by top talents in various industries. Those younger generations who are in the learning stage, those who are in the recession stage, and those who are busy in production and service positions, learning such documents must be an arduous task and an activity to hone their brains. All in all, the "Decision on Comprehensively Deepening Several Major Issues" adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is the result of a major social activity. It has made significant progress in many aspects, but there are also some shortcomings. Ni Hongxing (Director of the Agricultural Trade Promotion Center of the Ministry of Agriculture) gave a speech entitled "China's Global Agricultural Strategy", and Cheng Guoqiang's "Global Agricultural Strategy" slide file was included in the conference materials. Ni Hongxing said that food security is the first major problem in agriculture. From an open perspective, 85% of grain should be based on local conditions and 15% can rely on imports. Grain imports are regulated by quotas and tariff measures. Grain imports increased rapidly. The cost and purchase price of grain rose, while the import price was lower. The income from small-scale grain cultivation is far lower than that from working abroad. Grain purchasing and storage loans should account for 5% of agricultural loans. Cheng Guoqiang's documents show that China's imports of agricultural products are growing rapidly; the domestic arable land gap is 20%; the global agricultural strategy is to establish a national food security strategic guarantee mechanism with a global perspective as the basic goal, and to improve the overall utilization of two international and domestic markets and two resources. Ability is the key task, comprehensive implementation of strategic measures such as direct trade, diversified imports, overseas agricultural investment and new agricultural international cooperation,......; general idea and basic framework. Han Yijun (School of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Agricultural Trade Promotion Center, Ministry of Agriculture) gave a speech on "my country's Agricultural Products Trade Development and Policy Trends", and Hu Glacier (Institute of Rural Development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences) gave a speech on "World Agricultural Products Market Trends. The Korean military chart shows that from 2001 to 2012, my country's agricultural product imports increased from US $11.85 billion to US $112.44 billion, with an average annual growth rate of 22.7; exports increased from US $16.09 billion to US $63.22 billion, with an average annual growth rate of 13.2; agricultural products The total trade volume rose from 10th to 3rd in the world. Policy direction: tariffs + domestic support (including price support, various subsidies, scientific research investment) + export support (subsidies are no longer allowed, credit is available). European and American agricultural trade policy trend: simplify and weaken price support, strengthen subsidies, insurance and scientific research investment. Hu Glacier's data table shows that the number of undernourished people in the world dropped from 1.2 billion in 1947 to 0.8 billion (2012), and the number of over-nourished people continued to increase. In 2013, 1.4 billion people were overweight and 0.5 billion people were obese. Japan, the United States wheat year-end inventory and consumption ratio showed a downward trend, Hu Glacier analysis of the reasons are: increased circulation capacity, production and marketing gradually decoupled, peace and development. The efficiency of food production has increased; short-term uncertainty in the food market has pushed up food prices, and long-term food prices have fallen. Li Guoxiang (Institute of rural development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences) gave a speech entitled "how to evaluate China's food security", Jiang Changyun (Institute of industrial economy and technical economy, national development and Reform Commission) gave a speech entitled "changes and enlightenment of grain self-sufficiency rate in Japan and South Korea", Wang Zhigang (School of agriculture and rural development, Renmin University of China) gave a speech entitled "forms and Countermeasures of world agricultural food safety development, lu Guoxue (Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences) gave a speech on" Global Food and Food Security Forms and Global Governance. These reports explore food security, food safety implications and the links between them. Jiang Changyun's report shows that the self-sufficiency rate of grain in Japan and South Korea is on a downward trend. The reasons are: industrialization and urbanization are competing for agricultural land; the proportion of grain in the diet structure is declining; small-scale agriculture and part-time operation make grain import more economical; the aging of agricultural labor force aggravates the idle arable land; the appreciation of local currency and trade liberalization promote the increase of imports; Agricultural policy makes it difficult for large-scale farmers to concentrate land. Wang Zhigang report involves the development process and trend of world food safety. New challenges facing food safety: the imbalance between food supply and demand, the proliferation of genetically modified foods, frequent food safety incidents, insufficient supervision, and complex and diverse testing categories and methods. Global governance measures for food safety: implement modern agricultural safety production standards, improve the agricultural food safety supervision system, strengthen international cooperation, strengthen supply chain management, and improve the food quality and safety traceability system. The Lu Guoxue report pointed out that the reasons for the prominent food security problems: climate change, rising prices of production materials, natural disasters, excess liquidity, energy, export policies of producing countries, etc. The world's agricultural product production and marketing pattern has shortcomings, market order is chaotic, and control methods are lacking; especially the unbalanced world food production and marketing pattern and the resulting food politicization, energy and financialization are the main threats to international food security. How to coordinate the functions of various international organization mechanisms and establish a mutually beneficial, balanced, coordinated and stable food security cooperation mechanism on a national, regional and global scale is the primary task facing the current international organization mechanism to resolve food security. Zhu Jing and Zhang Qingping's "Evaluation of Agricultural Investment Environment in Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan" slide file was included in the conference materials. The documents of Zhu Jing and Zhang Qingping point out the advantages and disadvantages of investing in agriculture in these countries; it is suggested that investment in planting industry should be combined with investment in upstream and downstream industrial chains, and ownership of local land resources should be indirectly obtained through the purchase of equity in local agricultural joint-stock companies or through the purchase of local agricultural enterprises. Taken together, the research reports on agriculture, food and food objects have the following conclusions: the efficiency of world agricultural production is increasing; the scale of trade in agricultural markets is expanding; food supply and consumption are generally balanced but local supply and consumption are unbalanced; food safety problems are still prominent; the order of agricultural markets is still chaotic and the means of regulation are lacking; how to coordinate various international organizations and determine a mutually beneficial and balanced cooperation mechanism is the primary task at present. Du Zhixiong, President of China's Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association, Tan Xuewen, Secretary General, and Zhu Lizhi, Chairman of the Board of Supervisors, reported on the work of the Research Association in 2013, financial report, work plan for 2014 and supervision and audit opinions. More than 10 members of the conference gave their opinions and suggestions on the work of the research association on the spot. I will seize the opportunity of this conference to write "Proposals for Promoting Harmonious and Sustainable Development in the World" 2014. Attached: Proposals for Promoting Harmonious and Sustainable Development in the World 2014 ( http://user.qzone.qq.com/546376314/blog/1388735533) (Responsible editor: if so)
2014-01-07
Chen Minghong: Summary of 2013 Annual Meeting and Experience of Participation2013 Annual Meeting of China Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association Held in Beijing author: Chen Minghong (deputy director of the Institute of Rural Development, Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences; member of China Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association) source: China Social Science Network ( http://www.cssn.cn/skyskl/skyskl_jl/201401/t20140102_934316.shtml) on December 28, 2013, the 2013 annual meeting of the China Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association and the academic seminar on agricultural globalization development in economic transition period, jointly sponsored by the China Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association and the editorial department of world agriculture, was held in Beijing. More than 120 guests from all over the country attended the one-day meeting, Associate Researcher Chen Minghong, deputy director of the Institute of rural development of Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences, was invited to attend the academic conference. Two experts were invited to give excellent keynote presentations at the morning session. Pan Shengzhou, deputy director of the Central Policy Research Office, made an important report on the interpretation of the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and expounded the reform spirit conveyed by this important meeting in a simple and profound way. Mr. Pan believes that this plenary session is a comprehensive interpretation of China's all-round reform in five aspects: politics, economy, culture, society and ecological civilization. It has not only the goal of reform, but also a specific road map and a specific timetable. Subsequently, Mr. Ni Hongxing, director of the Agricultural Trade Promotion Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, made a theme report entitled "China's Food Security Strategy from the Perspective of Globalization", and proposed to adhere to the national food security strategy based on China, ensuring production capacity, moderate imports, and scientific and technological support, and to make good use of the two markets to ensure China's food security. The afternoon forum was divided into three sessions, namely, China's agricultural product supply and trade situation, world agricultural product production and trade prospects, and world food security governance. Six members spoke at the meeting, they are Jiang Changyun's "Changes and Enlightenment of Grain Self-sufficiency Rate in Japan and South Korea", Han Yijun's "Development and Policy Trend of China's Agricultural Products Trade", Li Guoxiang's "How to Evaluate China's Food Security", Wang Zhigang's "World Agricultural Food Security and Trade Prospects", Lu Guoxue's "Global Food and Food Security Situation and Global Governance", Hu Glacier's "World Agricultural Products Trends", luo Biliang, Zhou Yingheng, Zhang Yuejie, Li Xiande, Chen Jinsong, Li Cuixia and others made wonderful comments. The venue also launched a vivid question-and-answer interaction on food security, the world's agricultural product supply and demand situation and other topics. Funding young researchers to participate in national societies and academic conferences is an important measure for the Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences and the Institute of Agricultural Development to train young talents. By participating in this academic conference, Associate Researcher Chen Minghong has a deeper understanding and experience of my country's food security, and has further strengthened contacts and exchanges with domestic experts in the field of agricultural economy.