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Society research, members' papers, annual reports, and proceedings

All162 Society30 Members' work130 Annual reports2

2023-05-15
Jia Xiaoling et al.: Analysis of China's Barley Import Pattern and Import DiversificationJia Xiaoling Sun Zhi Lu Li Xiande college of Applied Economics, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences abstract since 2001, China's barley import pattern has shown the characteristics of continuous rapid growth of import scale, continuous high dependence on foreign countries, relatively concentrated import source market, and a high proportion of barley as a corn substitute in feed grain imports. The gradual shrinking of domestic barley production capacity, the sharp increase in barley demand and the comparative price advantage of imported barley compared with domestic barley and corn are the main reasons for the formation of China's barley import pattern. In view of the long-term existence of a large number of imports of barley in China in the future, this paper uses the constructed import dependence risk index to measure the risk of China's barley import dependence, explores the possibility of diversified import channels in the future, and thinks that the countries that can expand the source of barley import in the future include Russia, Germany, Kazakhstan and so on. Based on this, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions, such as stabilizing the high-quality production capacity of domestic barley, optimizing the regional structure of barley import, actively laying out the global industrial chain, strengthening information monitoring and early warning and information release. Keywords barley; import pattern; import dependence risk; import diversification source: World Agriculture, No. 5 (Total No. 529), 2023, pp. 57-67.
2023-05-11
Lu Qianwen et al.: Agricultural Producer Services: World Course, Prospect and China's ChoiceAgricultural productive service industry and agricultural modernization are accompanied by each other, which is an important embodiment of national agricultural competitiveness and a common trend of agricultural modernization in all countries. The agricultural producer service industry has become a strategic starting point for developed countries to maintain agricultural competitive advantages and maintain agricultural industry security. It is an important way for developing countries to "catch up" with modern agriculture and start modern agriculture in underdeveloped countries. It has formed Europe, America, Japan and South Korea. And China's three more typical development models have formed a variety of generation paths such as government-led, farmer cooperation, and division of labor induction. Agricultural producer services will become the focus of the world's agricultural innovation drive, attracting multinational agricultural enterprise groups to accelerate the transformation to modern agricultural service providers. Agricultural productive service industry has a broad space for development in China, which is an important feature of Chinese agricultural modernization. In order to build a powerful agricultural country, China should regard agricultural producer services as a strategic industry, properly handle the relationship between promoting moderate scale operation, effective cooperation between the government and the market, meeting the development needs of small farmers, and leading the new direction of modern agriculture. we will continue to improve the public welfare service system, cultivate large-scale agricultural service enterprises, develop diversified competitive service markets, and establish a multi-level service organization system, to contribute to the world to solve the problems of small farmers in the development of agricultural modernization "China program".
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2023-02-04
Yuan Peng: Unremitting Exploration of Chinese-style Agricultural and Rural ModernizationDownload
2023-02-04
Wang Yahua: Promoting Rural Revitalization and Building an Agricultural PowerPromoting Rural Revitalization and Building an Agricultural Power yahua Wang the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to comprehensively promote rural revitalization and accelerate the construction of an agricultural power, which provided a program of action for the "three rural" work in the new era and new journey of our country. The proposal of agricultural power has important theoretical significance and policy guidance. The construction of a powerful agricultural country needs to be implemented through solid promotion of rural revitalization, and the inherent requirements for the "five major revitalization" are put forward. To speed up the construction of a powerful agricultural country and promote the "five major revitalization", we should base on the national conditions and agricultural conditions, improve the interactive system and mechanism of urban and rural population, promote the process of urbanization, strengthen the ability of agricultural science and technology and strengthen the support of modern science and technology, build a modern agricultural system and promote the high-quality development of agriculture, develop and strengthen the new rural collective economy, and enhance China's global agricultural competitiveness and influence.
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2023-02-04
Zhao Minjuan et al.: China's agricultural carbon neutral target analysis and implementation path.Analysis and Realization Path of Agricultural Carbon Neutrality Target in China zhao Minjuan Shi Rui Yao Liuyang the realization of agricultural carbon neutrality is not only the proper meaning of mitigating global warming, but also the inherent requirement of the transition to modern agriculture. This paper puts forward three goals and connotations of low carbon, zero carbon and negative carbon in agricultural carbon neutrality, and constructs a path map for China to achieve agricultural carbon neutrality in 2060. The forecast results show that China's agricultural carbon emissions will increase by 64.91 per cent under the baseline scenario in 2060 compared to 2018, and emission reduction measures will have the potential to reduce carbon emissions by 74.18 per cent of the baseline scenario, combined with carbon offset measures will be able to achieve the zero-carbon target in agriculture. At the same time, China's agricultural carbon emissions have reached a peak in 2016. In the future, it will be able to achieve agricultural carbon neutrality through the stage of building emission reduction capacity, rapid emission reduction and consolidation and improvement. On this basis, this paper puts forward the safeguard measures to realize China's agricultural carbon neutrality, and looks forward to the development prospect of China's agricultural carbon neutrality.
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2023-02-04
Zhu Jing et al.: Global Agricultural Trade Governance and China's Food SecurityGlobal Agricultural Trade Governance and China's Food Security zhu Jing, Zhang Ruihua, Xie Chaoping food security is the "big country". In the face of the rigid growth of grain consumption demand, the constraints of resource and environmental carrying capacity and the rising production cost, the domestic grain import demand is expanding, and the stability of international grain market supply and circulation has become an important factor affecting China's food security. However, the current economic globalization is encountering a countercurrent, and the problems of inappropriate rules, mechanism failures and negotiation failures under the current multilateral trade governance framework are constantly being magnified, overlaid with the continuous fermentation of extreme events represented by meteorological disasters, the new crown epidemic and the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and the credibility and effectiveness of the global agricultural trade governance system are experiencing unprecedented challenges. In the face of the increasingly complex external market environment and the lagging reform of the trade governance system, China should strive to improve the level of institutional openness on the basis of adhering to the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and sharing, actively maintain the normal operation of multilateral mechanisms, vigorously promote the reform of agricultural trade rules, strengthen regional agricultural economic and trade cooperation, improve the international food risk prevention and control mechanism, and work with other countries to build a more complete and effective global agricultural trade governance system, consolidate the foundation of international grain trade and effectively ensure China's food security.
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2023-02-04
Hu Glacier: Fundamental Challenges Facing the Global Agricultural Products Market and CountermeasuresHu Glacier: Fundamental Challenges Facing the Global Agricultural Products Market and Countermeasures affected by the new coronavirus infection epidemic, the global agricultural market volatility, deepening the human community's concerns about the food crisis, but also intensified the global agricultural market financial speculation and international political game. From the macro perspective of global agricultural production, the per capita food share is sufficient to achieve the goal of "zero hunger", but under the current conditions, the number of hungry people has continued to increase, which has triggered extensive discussion. In fact, the issue of food security is deeply embedded in historical development. On the one hand, the level of agricultural productivity has not completely crossed the threshold of demand, and on the other hand, the food distribution mechanism is still flawed. In order to explain the contradiction between the existing agricultural market and food security more reasonably, this study introduces the concept of "hunger market" by comparing the past history, and puts forward China's countermeasures to face the challenge of food security based on the interpretation framework of the underlying behavior logic.
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2022-09-26
Can ecological animal husbandry cooperatives become an effective organization to promote the transformation of herdsmen from "natural person" to "professional person?Can ecological animal husbandry cooperatives become a way to promote herdsmen from effective Organization for the Transformation from "Natural Person" to "Professional Person? -- Based on the Case Analysis of Qinghai Lagri Ecological Animal Husbandry Cooperative yuan Peng Luo Qianfeng presentation of 1. issues it is a difficult point for herdsmen in grassland pastoral areas to comprehensively promote rural revitalization and realize the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development. Herdsmen contract management has outstanding problems and challenges, such as the "small" of uneconomical scale, the "scattered" of natural division of labor within the family without participating in the socialized division of labor system, the "chaos" of blindly following and disorderly competition, and the "weak" of production and operation ability and market competitiveness. Since 2008, Qinghai Province has been vigorously promoting the construction of ecological animal husbandry and comprehensively promoting the development of ecological animal husbandry cooperatives. Whether this development model is sustainable, whether it has the general significance of replication and promotion, there is controversy in the academic circles, which is directly related to the path choice of diversified and diversified agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. Based on the typical case investigation of Qinghai ecological animal husbandry cooperatives, this paper tries to construct an analytical framework based on the relevant theories of institutional economics and agricultural modernization, with a view to expanding the theoretical exploration and empirical examples of the organic convergence path between small farmers and modern agricultural development. 2. research hypothesis the organizational innovation of developing farmer cooperatives based on community collective resources is a kind of collective action. For the "collective irrational" behavior, the academic circles have formed three models with extensive influence, such as "the tragedy of the commons", "the prisoner's dilemma game" and "the logic of collective action. Among them, in view of the "tragedy of the commons" formed by the common use of public resources, there are two corresponding solutions given by the academic circles, one is to be owned by the state, and the other is a market-oriented plan. In this regard, Ostrom gave a different answer, proposed to build a "private characteristics" system and "public characteristics" system of hybrid. This paper holds that by integrating and rationally allocating the production resources of its members, cooperatives promote the division of labor among members and realize the specialization of production, which is conducive to improving labor productivity and promoting the growth of output and wealth. With the deepening of the division of labor and the increasing remuneration, those "natural person" farmers who produce both agricultural products and industrial products are gradually transformed into professional farmers or professional workers under socialized mass production (Yang Xiaokai and Zhang Yongsheng, 2003). Based on this, the research hypothesis H1 is put forward: Ecological animal husbandry cooperatives promote the transformation of herdsmen from "natural person" under traditional production mode to "professional person" participating in modern socialized and specialized production ". As a tool to enhance the market status of herdsmen, ecological animal husbandry cooperatives can achieve sustainable development only by obtaining market competitiveness higher than that of herdsmen's independent operation. Under the system where the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources, the competitiveness of cooperatives stems from saving market transaction costs, forming economies of scale and market bargaining power, and promoting the vertical integration of primary agricultural producers. finally meet the needs of industrial structure upgrading and consumption upgrading under high-quality development, all the development relying on preferential treatment by the government is unsustainable. Based on this, the research hypothesis H2 is put forward: the sustainable development of community production cooperatives stems from the endogenous market competitiveness of institutional arrangements, rather than relying entirely on the external support of the government. Case Analysis of 3. Lagari Ecological Animal Husbandry Cooperative the creation of ecological animal husbandry cooperatives under pilot (I). The herdsmen in Lageri Village have long been "only grazing is the foundation", and they regard migrant workers as "not doing their jobs". There are only more than ten migrant workers. After the population expands, overgrazing is serious, and the contradiction between grass and livestock is prominent. The traditional grassland animal husbandry development model is unsustainable. The herdsmen live in poverty. In 2011, Lageri Village was included in the pilot unit for the development of ecological animal husbandry cooperatives in Qinghai Pure Animal Husbandry Village, and the cooperative was established based on the fourth villagers' group. The first batch of herdsmen joined 36 households, 74 yaks, 6000 mu of summer pasture and 274700 yuan of bonus for herdsmen grassland. The cooperative unified production, operation and management according to a large family, the operating income mainly depends on the use of grassland awards and supplementary funds from members to carry out cordyceps trading. At that time, the market was good. At the end of the year, the cooperative paid a dividend of 210000 yuan, with an average household of more than 5800 yuan, which caused a sensation in the village. Herdsmen from other groups asked to join the cooperative one after another. In 2013, after serving as the first secretary of the county agriculture and animal husbandry director settled in the village, he proposed to learn from the "most advanced company shareholding model" to promote the shareholding cooperative system model of all employees and all assets in the village, and organized different groups of people to hold more than a dozen The symposium guided herdsmen to change their concepts and develop modern animal husbandry. By 2014, the rate of livestock and grassland entering the community reached 95.5 and 87.4 respectively. As of 2021, the village herdsmen basically joined the community. Construction and improvement of (II) property rights system and governance mechanism. In response to the herdsmen's concern that the contracted pastures and livestock will be "collectivized" and "piled up" again, after hundreds of discussions and disputes among members over a year, the cooperative has worked out a set of detailed grading discount standards for pastures, cattle, sheep and livestock in accordance with the principle that the minority is subordinate to the majority. For example, when it comes to investing in pasture, respect for herdsmen who only recognize the traditional ruler to measure the actual area. At the same time, the cooperative stipulates that each person can only enter one cash share to prevent "unearned gains" and profit from capital. Cooperatives build a multi-level common governance mechanism. Cooperative directors, supervisors, member representatives and ordinary members establish a "one-to-one" contact system to facilitate the smooth flow of social conditions and public opinion information. The cooperative has formulated salary standards, performance appraisal and rewards and punishments for directors, supervisors, management and production personnel, and has incorporated into its articles of association the provisions linking the completion of members' production indicators with grassland reward and subsidy funds and the quantification of government project funds to members' shares. While strengthening incentives and constraints, it has controlled the total labor cost, controlled the livestock carrying capacity of grasslands, promoted the improvement of seed yield and optimized the livestock structure. The cooperative also hired an accounting firm to unify the accounting and publish the income distribution plan and accept the supervision of its members. The cooperative implements a contract responsibility system for members to compete for posts and groups (4-8 people). The remuneration of members implements a "basic salary + commission" system. The cooperative formulates a series of standards for material consumption and production management standards according to the production process, and directly links input and output with members' labor remuneration, thus effectively solving the problem of free-riding for members. (III) explore the professional, standardized and socialized development of modern animal husbandry. The cooperative has specialized in the division of labor among its members, and has successively set up a grazing yak group, a grazing Tibetan sheep group, a secondary and tertiary industry development group and a labor export group. Animal husbandry production vigorously promotes specialized regional rotation grazing and standardized group breeding, introduces information-based quality traceability construction, actively develops the processing industry of primary products, uniformly carries out skills training for the liberated labor force, and guides them to develop individual businesses such as the distribution of livestock products and ethnic handicrafts, unified organization out of the contract to dig cordyceps business, contract engineering projects, such as odd jobs. By 2021, 1/3 of the village's labor force will be engaged in animal husbandry production, local non-agricultural employment and migrant workers, and more than 40 herdsmen families will move out and settle in cities and towns. Specialized division of labor has brought about fundamental changes in members' ideas and behaviors. Herdsmen have transformed from the relatively closed "natural person" form under traditional animal husbandry production to the "professional person" form under the socialized mass production, pursuing the maximization of economic benefits and keeping pace with the development of market economy. With the support of the government's "relocation" project, the herdsmen of Lageri Village have achieved centralized settlement, Xiali cars have replaced motorcycles as the means of transportation for most herdsmen to graze, and herdsmen have moved towards modern production methods, which can initially verify the research hypothesis H1 of this paper. (IV) the construction of a benign interaction between the political and social relations. The government's institutional supply and top-down promotion can only be sustained through the bottom-up response of cooperative herders and transformed into an internal recognition of the new system and the formation of an endogenous development mechanism. In the early stage of the development of the cooperative, the government promptly guided the cooperative to develop an efficient breeding industry. Through phased and step-by-step policy support, 37 demonstration cooperatives in the county, including the Lageri Cooperative, provided variety introduction, grassland classification, and grass and livestock. A series of services such as balance, control of rodents, disaster prevention and mitigation, and organic production. Take forage promotion as an example. In the first year, grass is supplied free of charge. When herdsmen find that "the original forage is so good", the free supply in the second year is based on the premise of centralized feeding of cattle and sheep. In the third year, forage grass will be subsidized according to a certain proportion. In the fourth year, the government will not subsidize the production of forage grass. Instead, it will provide subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery. When the operation of cooperatives began to take shape, the government focused on strengthening risk prevention and control and external supervision, and carried out policy-based accidental death insurance services for cattle and sheep. At the same time, it required that the dividend plan of each cooperative should be approved by the township government, and the dividend level should not exceed the operating level, so as to prevent each other from "fishing out of the pond" or even loan dividends. Cooperatives make effective use of the government's industrial poverty alleviation policy, industrial development policy and cooperative demonstration society policy to effectively transform policy opportunities into business opportunities. By mobilizing the majority of herdsmen to actively respond, and adjust business strategies in time according to market changes, gradually explore the endogenous development mechanism in line with their own production factor endowment. At the beginning of its establishment, the cooperative used the industrial poverty alleviation funds 1.3 million by the government and the 4.3 million's own funds to create characteristic hotels in the county seat, which solved the employment of some young people in the village. After the operation was not good, the cooperative sublet the hotel in time to obtain a stable income flow. In 2018, the cooperative used the whole village to move to the new community, and in accordance with the principle of one household, one share, one shop, mobilized all members to invest, and built a 6000 square meter facade at the entrance of the village. More than ten herdsmen have carried out self-management; and More than 80 sets of shops have been rented out to promote the increase of members' property income. In 2021, the cooperative will use the government's 1.4 million yuan industrial development fund to start the construction of livestock products slaughtering and processing line, so as to solve the biggest short board of cattle and sheep mainly relying on brokers. The cooperative also took advantage of the opportunity of the county to build an e-commerce demonstration county of the Ministry of Commerce, fully launched e-commerce sales, signed logistics contracts with a number of express delivery companies, and relied on the county animal products industry alliance to build a county public brand. According to preliminary estimates, the added value of products can be increased by about 10%. The cooperative has formed a market-oriented development road that continuously strengthens market competitiveness, this verifies the research hypothesis H2 of this paper. 4. Discussion: Why is Ecological Animal Husbandry Cooperative Effective? (I) the effective institutional supply of the cooperative model of ecological animal husbandry. From the experience at home and abroad, there are generally three paths for the modernization transformation of traditional small farmers: the first is the road of self-evolution, that is, through long-term self-evolution and differentiation, the peasant household group stands out from the competition, and develops from the part-time household based on family livelihood into large-scale professional households; the second is the road of self-union cooperatives; the third is the road of corporatization relying on external capital. Ordinary herdsmen are restricted by human capital problems such as traditional conservative ideology, production skills relying on generation inheritance and low quality of labor force. They can only realize the balance of special types of animal husbandry production at a low level, and it is difficult to realize the modernization transformation by themselves. They need external thrust. However, there are only two leading enterprises of animal products processing above the scale in the county where the cooperative is located, and the number of herdsmen driven by them is limited, this provides a potential space for the government to implement the model of ecological animal husbandry production cooperatives to induce institutional change. According to the theory of new institutional economics, the effectiveness of ecological animal husbandry cooperative system can be attributed to the establishment of an institutional framework composed of political structure, property right structure and social structure by local governments, in which the political structure defines the choice of people's system innovation, the property right structure determines the formal economic incentive, and the social structure composed of traditional customs and behavior norms determines the informal incentive in the economy. (II) the superiority and defect of ecological animal husbandry cooperative system. The ecological animal husbandry cooperative takes the traditional community as the link and uses the community community culture established by the acquaintance society for a long time to reach a consensus action. At the same time, the community's common ethics have a certain binding force on the behavior of members. The cooperative system based on the community community has the superiority of belief and value identity. It is not only conducive to effective incentive, supervision and punishment of members, but also helps to prevent collective irrational behavior brought about by individual rationality. However, the cooperative system also has serious institutional disadvantages, which is why it is difficult for community-based production cooperatives to become the mainstream mode in completely free market countries or developed market areas. First of all, and most importantly, the supply of social entrepreneurs is seriously insufficient. The essence of the market process lies in competition and entrepreneurship. The sustainable development of cooperatives needs the guidance of entrepreneurs with cooperative spirit. However, the initial stage of establishment of cooperatives can not attract entrepreneurs through price signals, which has great limitations. Secondly, compared with the flexible mechanism of the company system to allocate production factor resources effectively according to market price signals, the supply of production factors in cooperatives has hard constraints, and the allocation of resources is heavily dependent on the low level of self-supply within the community, thus affecting its market competitiveness. Third, the potential requirement of homogeneity of member groups is not conducive to cooperatives relying on market mergers, mergers and other forms of rapid expansion and development, but have to adopt a combination of self-accumulation and external borrowing, thus affecting the pace of transformation and upgrading of cooperatives. (III) a revision of Ostrom's public pond theory. Ostrom's relationship between the community and the government emphasizes the independence of the community and puts the government's goal and the community's goal in a potentially conflicting relationship. North also believes that the presence of government is the key to economic growth and the root cause of man-made economic recession. However, as the world enters the post-industrial society, the new public service theory occupies the mainstream, believing that the role of the government is neither paddling nor steering, but providing services, which are based on the concept of public interest. The institutional innovation of Lagerge cooperatives reflects the induced institutional change path led by a service-oriented government with Chinese characteristics, that is, the strong political determination of the central government is transformed into the political commitment of the local government, through extensive social mobilization, supplemented by active Financial support means have formed a large-scale promotion of the ecological animal husbandry cooperative model in the administrative area. Local governments focus their work on creating an innovative atmosphere, providing a series of public services for rural communities to achieve institutional innovation, effectively activating the endogenous driving force of herdsmen's innovation and entrepreneurship, realizing the incentive compatibility between government goals and herdsmen's goals, and solving the challenge of the lack of supply of social entrepreneurs faced by traditional herdsmen who are separated from the government and innovate alone, this amends Ostrom's emphasis on the principle that "the possessor of public resources has the right to design his own system and is not influenced by external government authority. 5. basic conclusions the study found that under the guidance, support and service of local governments, ecological animal husbandry cooperatives established a governance mechanism for members to jointly manage community public resources and a member production incentive mechanism in the form of equal participation of members; ecological animal husbandry cooperatives complied with the requirements of modern animal husbandry development by building a professional, standardized, socialized and green production and management system, become an effective organization to promote the transformation of herdsmen from "natural person" to "professional person" participating in the socialized division of labor. The normal operation of ecological animal husbandry cooperatives requires basic conditions such as the homogeneity of community members' resource endowments, the effective supply of localized social entrepreneurs, and the provision of serialized public service support by local governments, and the need to build a political structure that conforms to local reality. The institutional framework composed of property rights structure and social structure determines that the promotion and replication of ecological animal husbandry cooperatives represented by Lagari cooperatives is arduous and long-term.
2022-09-21
Professor Wang Yahua of Tsinghua School of Public Administration led the creation of the case and was awarded the 2022 demonstration "theme case" achievement.In July 2020, a team led by Professor Wang Yahua, Vice Dean of the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University and Vice Dean of the Rural Research Institute of Tsinghua University, was approved by the Ministry of Education under the title of "The Great Practice of Human Anti-Poverty: Successful Cases of Poverty Alleviation in China". And graduate education development center "poverty alleviation" theme case project. In the following more than a year, the case development team focused on the theme of "poverty alleviation" and selected contemporary, leading, and valuable case resources to show the magnificent practice of poverty alleviation in China in the new era. On this basis, through field research and A series of local cases have been developed in the form of expert interviews. On September 17, 2022, the first International Symposium on Case Construction in China (2022) was held, and the typical results of case studies and thematic cases were released for the first time. Under the guidance of the Department of Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education and the Department of Degree Management and Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Education, the conference was co-sponsored by the Degree and Postgraduate Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education and the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University. Professor Wang Yahua led the team in the theme case of "Education to Help Poverty Alleviation, Wisdom and Wisdom to Promote Revitalization-Taking Tsinghua University's Designated Assistance to Nanjian County as an Example" (hereinafter referred to as "Nanjian Case"), which was selected as a 2022 demonstration of the results of the "Theme Case". This case vividly shows the typical practices and main experiences of universities directly under the Ministry of Education in helping local poverty alleviation in the great China. Professor Wang Yahua was awarded the certificate of demonstration "theme case" case Author yahua Wang professor, doctoral supervisor and vice dean of the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University, Executive Dean of China Rural Research Institute of Tsinghua University. He is also the coordinator of the International Society of Public Affairs (IASC) in China, the vice chairman of the National Public Management Degree Postgraduate Teaching and Steering Committee, the vice chairman of the Chinese Institutional Establishment Management Research Association, the vice chairman of the China Foreign Agricultural Economic Research Association, and the international academic journal World Development Sustainability Editor. The research direction is urban and rural public governance, economic and social sustainable development. Guo Dong special research assistant of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, assistant researcher of School of public policy and management, doctor of management of Tsinghua University, research direction is public management. The Nanjian case was created by Professor Wang Yahua of the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University and Dr. Guo Dong of the School of Public Policy and Management of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences on the basis of field research. The case writing was completed with the strong support of the Rural Research Institute of Tsinghua University, the counterpart support office of Tsinghua University, and the China Public Management case Center of the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University. I would like to thank Zhu Tao, deputy director of the counterpart support office of Tsinghua University (now deputy head of Nanjian County), and Mu Ling, director of the China Public Management case Center of the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University, for his case writing guidance, dr. Shu Quanfeng, Dr. Li Xingguang and Dr. Dai Yao from the China Rural Research Institute of Tsinghua University provided on-the-spot investigation and interview support, as well as the material support provided by Yu Yichen, Yu Shuyang, Li Yao, Wang Wenhui and Tang Ruoyao, who were the first secretary of Xishan Village in Nanjian County and the head of the poverty alleviation team in the village. Interpreting the Experience of Counterpart Assistance in Colleges and Universities and Highlighting the Great Practice of Poverty Alleviation -Tsinghua University's Targeted Assistance to Nanjian County Theme Case Development tsinghua Case of Poverty Alleviation in Colleges and Universities at the beginning of the development of the case on the theme of "Poverty Alleviation", Professor Wang Yahua's team determined the purpose of the topic as "profoundly revealing the institutional advantages and typical experiences behind China's great achievements in poverty alleviation, and telling the world a vivid story of China's poverty reduction". Counterpart assistance is the experience of poverty alleviation with Chinese characteristics. In the great practice of poverty alleviation, all 75 universities directly under the Ministry of Education have invested in poverty alleviation. The educational poverty alleviation practice of Tsinghua University in Nanjian County, Yunnan Province, is a typical representative of the practice of helping local poverty alleviation in Chinese universities, and provides fresh materials for the development of thematic cases. Since April 2013, according to the national deployment, Tsinghua University has started the work of targeted poverty alleviation in Nanjian County, Dali Prefecture. It has given full play to the advantages of higher education resources. In view of the fact that the development of Nanjian education is relatively lagging and the quality of poverty is prominent, focusing on the shortcomings and weaknesses of Nanjian education development, making accurate and continuous efforts to help Nanjian education with heart, emotion and efforts, Let the education development of Nanjian County achieve "curve overtaking", to help Nanjian get rid of "prime poverty" from its roots ". On April 30, 2019, Nanjian County successfully achieved poverty alleviation one year ahead of schedule; in August 2020, Nanjian County passed the national poverty alleviation census with high quality. In 2021, the School of Continuing Education of Tsinghua University and the Counterpart Support Office of Tsinghua University were respectively awarded the National Advanced Collective for Poverty Alleviation jointly issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council. Professor Wang Yahua led a team to Nanjian for investigation in-depth research and analysis experience in order to tell the story of helping Nanjian, a university designated by Tsinghua University, the case development team paid attention to investigation and research, integrated theory with practice throughout the whole process of case development, and realized the deep combination of theoretical research on poverty alleviation and empirical analysis on poverty alleviation. In June 2021, Professor Wang Yahua led a team to Nanjian for investigation and investigation, and visited Xishan Village Committee of Nanjian Town, Longfeng Village Committee of Yongcui Township, Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Nanjian No. 1 Middle School, and Rural Revitalization of Tsinghua University Nanjian Workstation and other places, and exchanged and discussed with local cadres and masses. During this period, Professor Wang Yahua was also invited to give a special lecture on "planning and promoting the revitalization of Nanjian from a new starting point" for the party and government leading cadres of Nanjian, providing opinions and suggestions for the development of Nanjian. Based on field research, the case development team comprehensively summarized the exploration practice and advanced experience of Tsinghua University's designated assistance to Nanjian, and conducted case writing discussions for many times. "What is the mechanism of poverty alleviation through education? How to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation through education? How to realize the transition from poverty alleviation to rural revitalization?..." In view of this series of problems, Professor Wang Yahua led the case development team to carry out careful experience analysis combined with professional theories, and solicited opinions from various parties. On this basis, several drafts were changed, and finally the case and teaching instruction manual were written. Tsinghua University Rural Revitalization Research Symposium Held in Nanjian professor Wang Yahua's team investigated in Fengling Village, Gonglang Town professor Wang Yahua's Research in Gonglang Town professor Wang Yahua's team investigated in Xishan Village Committee of Nanjian Town multi-party collaboration to promote case development the collective wisdom and strength behind the case development work has formed a collaborative mechanism in which schools, colleges and think tanks work together to help case development. The school's counterpart support office of Tsinghua University and other school departments have provided strong support for case development. Director Cong Zhentao of Tsinghua University's Counterpart Support Office reviewed the case manuscript and put forward valuable opinions. Zhu Tao, then deputy director of Tsinghua University's counterpart support office, who is currently deputy head of Nanjian County, provided specific guidance on the compilation and research of the case from the perspective of witnesses. As a teaching and research support institution of the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University, the China Public Administration Case Center, under the organization and coordination of Director Mu Ling, provides experience support in case writing and case analysis for the development of "Nanjian Case. As a key construction think tank institution of the national high-end think tank of Tsinghua University, the China Rural Research Institute of Tsinghua University actively provides intellectual assistance for the rural revitalization and construction of Nanjian County, and has conducted many exchanges with the local area from many aspects such as the innovation of the working mechanism of rural revitalization. Discussion. Professor Wang Yahua was hired as the "Chief Advisor for Rural Revitalization in Nanjian County" neutral De Shuren in Case Development the process of case development is also a process of cultivating and training talents and realizing the unity of the goals of "establishing morality" and "cultivating people". During this period, a group of young people in the team can grow into talents. Guo Dong, one of the authors of the Nanjian case, joined the case development team as a doctoral student in the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University. Now an assistant researcher at the School of Public Policy and Management of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, he is deeply touched by this. "In the process of participating in the development of thematic cases under the guidance of teachers, he successfully realized the transformation from a public management student to a scholar. The level of case writing has been greatly improved." yu Yichen, a 2021 master's student from the School of Public Administration of Tsinghua University, served as the first secretary of the village and the captain of the village task force in Xishan Village, Nanjian County from 2019 to 2021. Based on the experience of "Party building assistance, education assistance, industry assistance and talent intelligence assistance", Yu Yichen provided a lot of first-hand materials and data support to assist in the development of "Nanjian Case" and was elected Tsinghua University 2021 Student of the Year. On the collection of thematic cases and the selection of typical demonstration results what? The Academic Degrees and Postgraduate Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education organized the first thematic case collection activity in 2020, bringing together famous universities, colleges and experts to focus on the two themes of "poverty alleviation" and "prevention and control of the new coronary pneumonia epidemic", and collected more than 400 thematic case results. In order to better display and publicize the results of thematic case collection and give full play to the exemplary and leading role of thematic cases, a total of 10 typical thematic case results have been evaluated through four links: team declaration, expert communication review, case expert committee selection and case expert committee director's office review. On September 17, 2022, the first International Symposium on Case Construction in China (2022) released the typical results of case studies and thematic cases. For the first time, the selection of typical results focused on the selection of case topics, theoretical values and research logic, emphasized the extraction of original views from Chinese practice, the development of high-level cases, gathered typical cases formed by in-depth investigation and research in the front lines of poverty alleviation, epidemic prevention and control, major projects and social governance, and compiled the "Told China Story-Typical Case Results Collection". Each achievement is a true epitome of Chinese stories, Chinese solutions and Chinese wisdom. From the fields to urban governance, from people's livelihood and well-being to the heavy equipment of great powers, it fully demonstrates the academic responsibility and academic attainments of experts and scholars in telling Chinese stories, explaining Chinese experience and contributing Chinese wisdom. "Promoting the construction of cases with Chinese characteristics" has been included in the "Action Plan for the High-quality Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences in 2035 Universities" by the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Ministry of Education. All walks of life will work hand in hand, work hard, and work for a long time to further promote case studies and publications with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese style, and promote cases with contemporary, academic rationality, and value into courseware, textbooks, and classrooms., To make new contributions to the construction of the discipline system, academic system, and discourse system of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics, to make new contributions to the implementation of the fundamental task of establishing morality and cultivating high-level innovative talents. Feeding: Case Center
2022-03-13
Bai Sketch Yuan Peng: Restricting Factors and Promoting Path of Chinese Farmers' All-round Development in the Process of ModernizationRestricting Factors and Promoting Path of Farmers' Comprehensive Development in China in the Process of Modernization bai Xiu Yuan Peng abstract: In 2035, China will basically realize modernization, and the main body of modernization is people. It is the proper meaning of socialist modernization to integrate farmers who account for more than 1/3 of China's population into the modernization process in order to achieve all-round development. Logically speaking, the comprehensive development of farmers should have the characteristics of full and balanced development in the dimensions of economy, society, politics, environment, quality and lifestyle. At this stage, the culture, health and information literacy of Chinese farmers have been improved to varying degrees, the modernization of economic dimensions has made obvious progress, political participation tends to improve, social participation presents individual differences, the living environment has improved significantly, and the awareness of modern lifestyle has been continuously improved. In the process of modernization, the promotion of the all-round development of farmers in our country is hindered not only by institutional mechanisms, but also by rural construction and farmers themselves. It is suggested that we should focus on breaking the dual structure system of urban and rural areas, take the equalization of urban and rural infrastructure and public services as the starting point, and focus on breaking the bottleneck of system and mechanism, promoting village construction and strengthening farmers' subjective consciousness to promote the all-round development of farmers in China.
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2022-03-13
Tan Xuewen Tan Qingxiang: A Study on China's Anti-Poverty Strategy for 2035Research on China's Anti-poverty Strategy for 2035 tan Xuewen Tan Qingxiang abstract: In the new development pattern, alleviating relative poverty is an inevitable requirement to promote common prosperity. Facing the goal of achieving more obvious and substantial progress in the common prosperity of all people in 2035, China needs to implement anti-poverty strategies and policy transformations. Relative poverty has the absolute core of the lack of development capacity and opportunities, and there is an obvious relative deprivation of the level of development relative to the general social group. Based on this, this paper puts forward a multiple relative poverty standard system composed of four types of standards, as well as the corresponding three objectives of alleviating relative poverty. China should implement the "three pillars" strategy, conventional strategy, differentiation strategy and phased strategy to alleviate relative poverty. Under the new national governance strategy, relative poverty governance should be regularized, and relative poverty alleviation strategies can be embedded in rural revitalization strategies and shared prosperity development strategies.
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2022-03-13
Wang Yahua Chen Xiangning: China's experience in coordinating epidemic prevention and control and the problem of resuming work and production under the new national systemChina's experience in coordinating epidemic prevention and control and the problem of resuming work and production under the new national system. Wang Yahua Chen Xiangning abstract: Under the impact of the new coronary pneumonia epidemic, coordinating the prevention and control of the epidemic and resuming work and production has become a worldwide problem. China has solved this dilemma well, not only controlling the epidemic in a timely and effective manner, but also rapidly promoting the resumption of work and production, and has achieved world-renowned results. Analyzing the national governance logic behind this phenomenon, the "new national system" under the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the key to solve this problem. Based on the panel data of 59 cities from February 1 to March 17, 2020, this paper makes a quantitative analysis of the constituent elements of the "new national system", and uses the fixed effect model to test the influence mechanism of political and policy factors, social mobilization factors, modern science and technology factors, epidemic situation factors and urban attribute factors on urban resumption of work and production. The study found that the operating mechanism of the new national system is to adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the party, and to transform the institutional advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics to concentrate on major events into governance efficiency by improving the governance system, perfecting the social mobilization mechanism, and implementing digital governance. Examining the operating logic of China's national governance system through the practice of epidemic response, it is demonstrated that the new national system under the leadership of the Party is the key to understanding the efficient governance of contemporary China, and provides new insights into the study of the modernization of China's national governance.
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2022-03-13
Xu Liang Zhu Jing Wang Xuejun: China's staple grain policy agricultural insurance: rule constraints and policy optimization.Policy-based Agricultural Insurance for China's Main Grain: Rule Constraints and Policy Optimization xu Liang Zhu Jing Wang Xuejun policy-based agricultural insurance is one of the most commonly used domestic support policy tools for "benchmarking" WTO-related rules and constraints. China is also actively promoting the transformation and upgrading of domestic agricultural policy formulation with it as an important "starting point". On the basis of the pilot projects of complete cost insurance and income insurance for three major grain crops launched by 24 major grain-producing counties in 6 provinces in 2018, the executive meeting of the State Council in June 2021 decided to expand the scope of full cost insurance and planting income insurance for food crops. This paper analyzes the system design space of China's staple grain policy agricultural insurance from the perspective of WTO domestic support rules, studies and judges the possible challenges in adapting to WTO rules when the insurance pilot scheme explored by China in 2018 is used in this large-scale practice, and puts forward targeted optimization suggestions for the subsequent expansion of the scope of agricultural insurance implementation. The study found that the existing domestic support policies for staple grains are in different stages of promotion, and there are differences in the operability of the two types of insurance subsidies classified as "green boxes", and the implementation of full cost insurance for rice and wheat and corn income insurance is more desirable at this stage; according to the previous exploration programs in various parts of China, the two types of insurance subsidies are actually more likely to be classified as "yellow boxes" measures; while implementing the main grain policy agricultural insurance "sub-variety policy" promotion mode, the full cost insurance subsidy needs to be optimized for the "green box" measures, focus on exploring the "full coverage, non-specific" staple grain income insurance, and strengthen the central government's specific guidance on local full cost insurance and income insurance work.
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2022-03-13
Wang Xingang Siwei: Has the Reform of Soybean Subsidy Policy Achieve Soybean Expansion? -- Based on the Empirical Study of 124 Prefecture-level Cities in Main Soybean Producing AreasHas the Reform of Soybean Subsidy Policy Achieve Soybean Expansion? -- An Empirical Study of 124 Prefecture-level Cities in Major Soybean Producing Areas wang Xingang Si Wei abstract: The experience and effect of soybean subsidy policy reform have important reference value for exploring the direction of subsidy policy reform for rice, wheat and other crops. To this end, based on the panel data at the level of the main soybean production area in China, this paper uses the double differential model to examine in detail the impact of the soybean producer subsidy policy introduced in 2017 on soybean production. The results show that the implementation of the producer subsidy policy has achieved the policy goal of expanding the sown area of soybean, but it also caused the decline of production factor input. From the perspective of the time process of the reform, in the first year of the reform, the changes in soybean production more reflected the impact of the cancellation of soybean target price subsidies rather than the actual effect of soybean producer subsidies, so there was a decrease in soybean sown area, area share and unit area input; however, the expansion effect of producer subsidies in the second and third years was gradually highlighted, and the soybean sown area was increasing year by year. Regional heterogeneity analysis shows that producer subsidies have different effects on soybean production in different provinces and accumulated temperate zones. Heilongjiang Province and the eastern four league cities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are more sensitive to producer subsidies, and subsidies have the most significant incentive effect on soybean cultivation in the second, third and fifth accumulated temperate zones of these two provinces.
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2021-11-27
Wang Jun, Li Lin, Yuan Peng: Centennial Evolution and Basic Experience of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives under the Leadership of the Communist Party of ChinaThe Centennial Evolution and Basic Experience of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives under the Leadership of the Communist Party of China wang Jun, Li Lin, Yuan Peng the supply and marketing cooperative is a comprehensive cooperative economic organization serving agriculture under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. With the development of the Communist Party of China for a hundred years, it has grown from scratch, from small to large. In the course of a hundred years of development, the Communist Party of China has taken targeted measures based on the changes in the central tasks and objective situations of the party and the country in different historical periods to give full play to the role of supply and marketing cooperatives in national economic construction, urban and rural trade circulation, agricultural production, and consolidating the party's The important role of rural governance. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has attached great importance to the work of supply and marketing cooperatives, placed it in an important position in the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", adhered to the direction of socialist market economy reform, comprehensively promoted comprehensive reforms, and continuously enhanced its economic strength and ability to serve agriculture., Endogenous development momentum. From the century-old evolution of supply and marketing cooperatives under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, it can be seen that the reform and development of supply and marketing cooperatives has always adhered to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, always closely followed the development goals of the party and the country, always adhered to the fundamental purpose of serving agriculture, and always adhered to the basic attributes of cooperative economy.
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2021-11-27
Du Zhixiong: Agricultural and Rural Modernization: Connotation Analysis, Problem Challenge and Realization PathAgricultural and Rural Modernization: Connotation Analysis, Problem Challenge and Realization Path du Zhixiong speeding up the modernization of agriculture and rural areas is not only the overall promotion of China's "three rural" work, but also the key and guarantee to ensure the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. For the understanding of agricultural and rural modernization, there are obvious evolution characteristics in different stages. Agricultural and rural modernization is the organic coupling of agricultural modernization and rural modernization, agricultural modernization is the basis of rural modernization, and rural modernization is the basis of agricultural modernization. At present, there are still many problems and challenges in promoting the development of agricultural and rural modernization, such as the relative lag of agricultural and rural infrastructure construction, the double pressure of ecology and resources and environment, the coexistence of rising production costs and the imbalance of supply and demand structure, the urgent need to enhance the deep integration of rural industries, the large gap in the income of urban and rural residents, and the development quality of new agricultural operators needs to be improved. In order to solve the above practical constraints, further promote the development of agricultural and rural modernization, and achieve the development goals of strong agriculture, beautiful rural areas, and rich farmers, we should give priority to supporting agriculture and improving infrastructure construction; based on county carriers, promote deep industrial integration; Ensure food security, promote agricultural quality and efficiency; pay attention to ecological protection, strengthen the construction of rural civilization; strengthen talent support, and promote the high-quality development of new agricultural business entities.
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2021-11-27
Zhang Li and Wang Yahua: How the Collective Economy Affects Village Collective ActionHow Collective Economy Affects Village Collective Action -- A Case Study of Farmers' Participation in Irrigation Facilities Supply zhang Li, Wang Yahua developing and strengthening the collective economy is an important measure to break through the dilemma of rural collective action and improve the ability of rural governance. Using the 2017 summer survey data of the China Rural Research Institute of Tsinghua University, this paper takes farmers' participation in the supply of irrigation facilities as an example, and makes an empirical analysis of how the collective economy affects the collective action of villages. The study found that the collective economy has a significant positive impact on the village collective action, the collective economy can not only influence the village collective action through the leadership of the village cadres, but also influence the village collective action through the villagers' sense of belonging, and then influence the village collective action through the leadership of the village cadres. Among them, the leadership of village cadres is the most important path. Further discussion shows that there are significant village differences in the influence path of collective economy on village collective action. The failure of village governance will weaken the influence of collective economy on the leadership of village cadres and village collective action, and will also restrict the leadership of village cadres. Only in the effective governance of the village, the collective economy will promote village collective action. This paper deepens the understanding of the mechanism of collective economic influence on village collective action, and provides theoretical basis and empirical support for the development and expansion of collective economy and the realization of effective rural governance.
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2021-09-27
Lu Qian Wen Yuan Peng: Research on the Development Dynamics and Cohesive Mechanism of Small Farmers in Agricultural and Rural ModernizationResearch on the Development Dynamics and Connection Mechanism of Small Farmers in Agricultural and Rural Modernization lu Qian Wen Yuan Peng to speed up the modernization of agriculture and rural areas in the new era, we must give priority to solving the problem of small farmers' development. Based on the actual evolution process of small farmers since the rural reform, this paper defines and puts forward the identification criteria of small farmers, and makes a comparative analysis and prospect judgment on the dynamic characteristics of their differentiation and the situational choice of development. First, under the trend of decreasing total amount, small farmers will evolve in the direction of sideline agriculture at the family level, specialization at the labor level, and intergenerational division of labor to intergenerational transmission. Some small farmers will gradually withdraw from agriculture. Some small farmers have developed into an important source of new agricultural business entities and service entities; second, in the process of rural market reform, small farmers have formed the situational choice of specialization, organization, service and industrialization, which provides multiple paths for small farmers with different differentiation characteristics to connect modern agriculture; third, the policy promotes the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development, and gives priority to supporting small farmers to develop and grow in the direction of scale, specialization and service, Provide institutional support and service support for small farmers to choose different development situations, help small farmers to participate in the modern agricultural industry chain, supply chain and value chain. To promote the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development, we must pay attention to the matching of dynamic characteristics and situational choices, and formulate a strategic, systematic, collaborative and holistic combination of convergence paths.
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2021-09-27
Tan Xuewen: Consolidating and Expanding the Tasks of Poverty Alleviation and Transitional ArrangementsTasks and Transitional Arrangements for Consolidating and Expanding the Achievements of Poverty Alleviation tan Xuewen this paper mainly understands the goal and task of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation from the perspective of stable poverty alleviation of the poverty-stricken population, rapid income increase of the long-term low-income population and shared prosperity and development. Consolidating the results of poverty alleviation is its basic task, and preventing the return to poverty and new poverty is its bottom line task, it is necessary to establish a precise poverty alleviation policy exit transformation mechanism, and establish a long-term relief mechanism from poverty. Expanding the results of poverty alleviation is its subjective task, including not only expanding existing poverty alleviation measures and carrying out assistance to the critical poor, but more importantly, exploring the transformation of anti-poverty strategy. This paper points out that the goal of transformation is to establish a long-term low-income population sharing prosperity development strategy. Based on this, this paper puts forward the two-stage arrangement and the basic idea of convergence in the transition period of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation.
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2021-09-27
Kong Xiangzhi: Cooperative Economy and Collective Economy: Morphological Transformation and Development DirectionCooperative Economy and Collective Economy: Form Transformation and Development Direction kong Xiangzhi cooperative economy and cooperatives are the two most confusing concepts at present. Since Marx and Engels founded the theory of scientific socialism, the cooperative economy has also appeared a distinction between utopian socialism and scientific socialism. The former has evolved into a more realistic Roxdale cooperative model in the practice of capitalist countries. The latter is applied to the agricultural transformation of socialist countries. After the founding of New China, the cooperative economy completed the transformation from Rochdale-style to scientific socialism-style, that is, collective economy; after the reform in the early 1980 s, one path was Rochdale-style professional cooperatives, and the other path was property rights. After the reform of the system, the (stock) economic cooperative that gradually absorbed the Rochdale principle. The two paths gradually merge and become the direction of the common development of Chinese farmers in the new development stage.
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